Shen Hongying (沈鴻英) gained recognition as a military general of Southern China in the provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi. Formerly known as Shen Yaying (沈亞英), he was born in Luorong County, Guangxi on October 15 in the 13th year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1874). He was a first generation was Hakka in Jiaying Prefecture (now
Meizhou City), Guangdong. As he and his younger brother and older sister became adults and married, and after the birth his eldest son, in order to improve the livelihood of the family, he and his brother worked as farmers. They walked together to the market in neighboring states and counties to sell groceries. He also sold herbal medicines, such as Gaodan Wansan, to supplement his income. After the autumn harvest every year, to pick up the slack, he and his brother each performed one or two sets of
Shaolin martial arts to attract the audience. In the winter of the 26th year of Guangxu, when they were opening their stall in Changtang in
Liucheng County in Guangxi, they were robbed by subordinates of Qin Shaoqu's regiment. His brother was seriously injured, but Shen escaped injury. To avenge his brother, Shen pursued and killed his attackers then enlisted as a soldier in the Guixiang Army under the command of Huang Zhonghao. A few years later, Shen was promoted to a fifth-grade blue collar (equal to a company commander rank). He resigned shortly after getting acquainted with Li Deshan. On May 11, 30 year of Guangxu, Lu Yafa was in the Liuzhou Uprising. Li Deshan invited them to participate. Later, he participated in the Guangzhou Uprising on March 29 in Xuantong three years (1911). On August 19 of the same year (October 10th in the Gregorian calendar) the
Wuchang Uprising, all provinces responded one after another, and Shen Hongying participated in the Liuzhou Uprising led by the Crown Three. Liu Guxiang had already served as the secretary-general of Guangdong Governor
Hu Hanmin, and Wang Guansan had acted as the person in charge when Liu Guxiang and Li Deshan flew to Guangdong and Hong Kong. Therefore, during the Liuzhou Uprising, Shen was promoted to the commander of the rebel army and appointed as the third management belt. After the establishment of the Republic of China, he was promoted to be a group leader in He County. In the spring of the third year of the Republic of China, when the bandits along the border of Hunan and Guangxi were eliminated, and he was promoted to the third commander of Guangxi Central District in Yulin. Shen participated in the Guangzhou Uprising on March 29 in Xuantong three years (1911). On August 19 of the same year (October 10th in the Gregorian calendar) the Wuchang Uprising, all provinces responded one after another, and Shen Hongying participated in the Liuzhou Uprising led by the Crown Three. Liu Guxiang had already served as the secretary-general of Guangdong Governor Hu Hanmin, and Wang Guansan had acted as the person in charge when Liu Guxiang and Li Deshan flew to Guangdong and Hong Kong. Therefore, during the Liuzhou uprising, he was promoted to the commander of the rebel army. Shen Hongying was appointed as the third management belt. After the establishment of the Republic of China, he was promoted to be a gang leader in He County. In the spring of the third year of the Republic of China, the bandits on the border of Hunan and Guangxi were eliminated, and the third commander of Guangxi Central District was promoted to station in Yulin. In the fifth year of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, and many provinces expressed opposition and declared independence. Guangxi governor Lu Rongting also telegraphed to declare Guangxi independence and sent troops to defeat Yuan Shikai. Among them, Shen Hongying was sent to the commander of the Gui army to assist Hunan, and he led his troops to the north of Hunan to attack Yuan Pai's Xiang. Du Tang Xiangming. On July 1 of the sixth year of the Republic of China (1917), Zhang Xun, the governor of Anhui Province, sent troops to Beijing to support the restoration of the throne of Emperor
Pu Yi. Members of Congress went south. On September 10, a military government was established to protect the country, and Sun Yat-sen was elected as the general of the navy and army. On January 5 of the 7th year of the Republic of China, Lu Rongting, Mo Rongxin, and others established the "Province Association of Law Protection" in Guangzhou to fight against the military government led by Sun Yat-sen. In August of the same year, Shen Hongying was ordered to move to Shaoguan as the commander of the Third Army to Protect the Country and the Supervisory Office of Guangdong, Jiangxi and Hunan Border Defense. Due to the division of the Northern and Southern governments, the military leaders of all provinces regarded the central government as nothing but the expansion of personal power. In view of the frustration of the actual situation, Zhongshan resigned on August 7 in the eighth year of the Republic of China (1919). Cen Chunxuan also resigned from the post of Chairman of the Seventh President and moved to Shanghai on October 26. After Cen Chunxuan resigned as Chairman of the Seventh President, the southern central government organization invisibly collapsed. The old parliament members held an extraordinary meeting on April 7 in the tenth year of the Republic of China (1921), and elected Sun Yat-sen as president. After taking office on May 5, Zhongshan ordered the commander-in-chief of the Guangdong Army, Chen Jiongming, to lead the Guangdong Army into Guangxi to fight against Lu Rongting. Lu Rongting was finally defeated and ran away from Annan. In the spring of the eleventh year of the Republic of China (1922), Chen Jiongming rebelled, obstructing and destroying President Sun's Northern Expedition. At about 3 o'clock in the morning on June 16, Chen Jiongming commanded Hong Zhaolin and Ye Ju to besiege the presidential palace with more than four thousand troops, shelling the official residence of Yuexiu Building in Guanyin Mountain. To be telegram, calling on the army to rebel. On the 17th, it was changed to Yongfeng, and the Northern Expeditionary army quickly returned to the Guangzhou Jing Rebellion. On the 18th, Shen Hongying replied from Jiangxi that he could return to the Jing Chao of Guangdong. Ji'an led his troops into Guangdong and returned to Guangxi. He was stopped by Chen Jiayou and
Li Mingyang of the Hunan Army. He wanted to return to Gannan and was also in charge of Li Liejun Resistance is to retreat to the Guangdong, Jiangxi, and Hunan border areas and find another way out. The Northern Expedition failed to return to Guangzhou Jingnan, so Sun decided to leave Guangzhou temporarily and head to Shanghai on August 9. Shen Hongying was trapped in the border areas of Guangdong, Jiangxi and Hunan, an unsustainable position. In mid-August, he surrendered to Sun and led his men back to Guangxi from the border of Hunan. Ren, Luzhai, Luorong, Liuzhou area. On December 19, Shen Hongying received a secret order from Shanghai by Sun Yat-sen in Liuzhou, instructing the strategy of attacking Chen Jiongming. The Shen immediately followed the order and informed him to support Zhongshan's senior generals in Yunnan, Guangxi and Guangdong. On December 20 On the 6th, a meeting was held at the White Horse Temple in Teng County to discuss strategies and cooperation issues for the battle against Chen Jiongming. After the meeting, the various armies immediately launched an operation to join Guangzhou, known in history as the "White Horse League." On January 16 in the twelfth year of the Republic of China (1923), the Dian, Guangxi and Guangdong allied forces met in Guangzhou. Sun returned to Guangzhou on the 21st to set up the base camp of the General Marshal of the Army and the Navy and assumed the post of General Marshal. On February 24, Sun Yat-sen ordered the designation of Zhaoqing to Wuzhou as the defense area for the Shen army. Shen secretly sent personnel to contact Wu Peifu. On March 20, on the recommendation of Wu Peifu, the Beijing government announced that Shen was the supervisor of Guangdong. The honorary title awarded to Shen Hongying by the Beijing government is "Two first-class Wenhuzhang Xiewei generals," not only the rank of general, but also honors and medals. On April 16, Sun appointed Shen Hongying as the commander-in-chief of the Gui army. On the same day, Shen announced his appointment of the Guangdong supervisor by the Beijing government, and led his troops to attack Guangzhou, using Li Yibiao's department as the forward to attack Guanyin Mountain. Sun commanded Yang Ximin of the Dian Army and Liu Zhenhuan of the Gui Army to meet him. On April 19, the Shen was forced to withdraw from Guangzhou. On May 22, Marshal Sun ordered Shen Hongying, Li Yibiao, and Shen Rongguang to be wanted and to revoke their positions. On the 31st, Li Yibiao led his subordinates to invest in Chen Jiongming, while Shen Hongying led his division back to take control of Guilin. In December 1923, Lu Rongting, commissioned by the Beijing government, supervised the aftermath of Guangxi. At this time, Guangxi was segregated by the three major forces: Lu Rongting, Shen Hongying, Li Zongren, and Huang Shaohong. In nominal terms, Lu Rongting is still the leader of Guangxi. On January 8, 1924, Shen Hongying wrote to Sun to express his loyalty, ambition, and oath to obey orders, hoping to clarify the misunderstanding, allowing him to lead his army back to Guangdong to complete the task of rebelling against the Northern Expedition. On February 23, Shen Hongying officially restated of his allegiance to the Generalissimo. Sun was re-appointed as the commander-in-chief of the Gui army and allocated 20,000 yuan in silver and 100,000 bullets. Sun led his troops back to Guangxi to fight against Lu Rongting. On March 1, Sun appointed Shen Hongying as the commander-in-chief of Guangxi. On May 21 of the 13th year of the Republic of China, Shen Hongying obeyed Sun's order to return to Guilin and launched a general attack on Lu Rongting. On September 21, Guangxi Commander-in-Chief Shen Hongying and generals Deng Youwen, Lu Yungao, etc., sent a telegram to Sun, reporting that he would consecutively defeat of Lu Rongting and Han Caifeng on September 12 and 20 and regain Quanzhou. On the 23rd, Guangxi Commander-in-Chief Shen Hongying sent a telegram to Marshal Sun again, reporting that after the army had recovered Guilin, it would recover Lingchuan, Xing'an, Quanzhou and other places in that order and asked for further directions. On January 3 of the fourteenth year of the Republic of China (1925), Shen Hongying, Commander-in-Chief of the Founding Army of Guangxi, arrived in Pingle. He gathered four divisions in Xiangxian, Zhongshan, Pingle, and Hexian, and attacked Xunzhou and Wuzhou in three routes. He claimed that he was secretly ordered by Sun Yat-sen to attack
Huang Shaohong. However,
Li Zongren and Huang Shaohong defeated Lu Rongting's various ministries on August 13 and already possessed a vast territory, greatly increasing their strength. Therefore, they were very angry at Shen Hongying's actions. After asking the central government for instructions, they completed their deployment in late January and branched out to advance on Shen. Although Shen's army had an advantage in strength and equipment, his strategy and tactics were at a disadvantage. His position was defeated steadily. At the end of May 1925, the main force of the Shen army was finally defeated by a coalition of Li and Huang forces. The Shen (Shum) clan finally settled in Kam Tin, established Fung Kat Heung north of Sha Po Tsuen, and built a mansion, "General's House." The naming of Fung Kat Heung implies that although the Shen family has gone through hundreds of battles, every evil turns into good fortune. == Anecdotes ==