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T Coronae Borealis

T Coronae Borealis is a binary star and a recurrent nova about 3,000 light-years away in the constellation Corona Borealis. It has the official proper name Blaze Star, T Coronae Borealis is its variable-star designation. The system was first observed in outburst in 1866 by John Birmingham, but had been observed earlier in quiescence as a 10th magnitude star. It may have been observed in 1217 and in 1787 as well. In February 1946, Michael Woodman, a 15-year-old schoolboy from Wales, observed a flare‐up, subsequently writing to the Astronomer Royal and leading to the theory that the star flares every 80 years, with the next nova expected to occur before 2027.

Nomenclature
T Coronae Borealis (abbreviated TCrB or unofficially T Cor Bor) is the star's variable star designation and is its most commonly used name. It also has the Bright Star Catalogue designation HR 5958 and the Henry Draper Catalogue designation HD 143454. The proper name Blaze Star has been used since its outburst in 1866, and was officially approved by the IAU Working Group on Star Names on 22 September 2025. ==Description==
Description
of TCoronae Borealis during the time surrounding its 1946eruption, plotted from AAVSOdata T CrB normally has a magnitude of about10, which is near the limit of typical binoculars. Two well-documented outbursts have been observed, reaching magnitude2.0 on May12, 1866 and magnitude3.0 on February9, 1946, but easily visible to the naked eye. T CrB is a binary system containing a large cool component and a smaller hot component. The cool component is a red giant that transfers material to the hot component. The hot component, which initially was the most massive and brightest of the two stars, is now a white dwarf surrounded by an accretion disc, all hidden inside a dense cloud of material from the red giant. When the system is quiescent, the red giant dominates the visible light output and the system appears as an M3giant. The hot component contributes some emission and dominates the ultraviolet output. During outbursts, the transfer of material to the hot component increases greatly, the hot component expands, and the overall luminosity of the system increases by orders of magnitude. light curve of recurrent nova TCrB from Jan1, 2008 to Nov17, 2010, showing rotating ellipsoidal variability. Up is brighter and down is fainter. Day numbers are Julianday. The two components of the system orbit each other every . The orbit is almost circular and is inclined at an angle of61.5°. The radius of the orbit of the primary component around the center of mass is. ==2016–present activity==
2016–present activity
On April 20, 2016, Sky & Telescope reported a sustained brightening since February2015 from magnitude10.5 to about9.2. A similar event was reported in1938, 8 years before the 1946 outburst. By June2018, the star had dimmed slightly but still remained at an unusually high level of activity. By mid-2023, it had faded by0.35 magnitude or about 28%; its lowest brightness seen since2016. A similar dimming occurred in the year before the 1946outburst, leading some to predict an eruption before September2024. It has repeatedly been predicted to be imminent, but several predictions have lapsed as of and no such nova has yet been observed. • Mid‐February 2024 to end‐September2026 (made in March2023) • Beginning January 2024 to mid-August2024 (made in June2023) (lapsed) • January 2024 (made in August2023) (lapsed) • End of October2024 (made in June2024) (lapsed) • Around March27, 2025 (lapsed); November10, 2025 (lapsed); June25, 2026; or February8, 2027 (made in October2024) ==Notes==
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