Historical references to the town are mostly connected to the local
episcopal see. Thus the town first appears in the
Second Council of Nicea in 787, where Bishop Sisinnius took part as a
suffragan of the
Metropolis of Adrianople. In summer 813, during his
invasion of
Thrace, the
Bulgarian ruler
Krum captured the town, and partially destroyed it. A boundary marker from the 8th/10th centuries with the inscription
kastr[on] Gariala[s] is displayed in the museum at
Pliska. By the time of the
Council of Constantinople of 869/870, the see had been raised to an
archbishopric. Archbishop Hypatios participated in that council, and was followed by Archbishop Basil, who attended the
Council of Constantinople of 879/880. The town and its see remained relatively unimportant and is rarely mentioned during the next few centuries. This is reflected by the relatively low place it held in the various
Notitiae Episcopatuum, although it managed to rise from 21st place among 28 archbishoprics in the 10th century to 15th among 44 archbishoprics in the 13th century. Only the existence of lead seals attests to the existence of archbishops Leo (10th/11th century), Theodore (mid-11th century), and Niketas (3rd quarter of 11th century), while an unnamed archbishop of Garella took part in two synods in Constantinople in 1066 and 1067. An imperial
chrysobull, issued by
Alexios I Komnenos in 1104, attests to the possession of the estate Barzachanion at Garella by the
Great Lavra monastery; it was exchanged with imperial property near
Thessalonica. Following the
fall of Constantinople to the
Fourth Crusade in 1204, the
Partitio Romaniae mentions the
pertinentia de Garelli as one of the domains to be apportioned among the common Crusaders. The
Hospital of Sampson in Constantinople was granted estates at Garella by
Pope Innocent III in 1210, a deed re-confirmed in 1244. After the
recapture of Constantinople by the Byzantines in 1261, the town and the bishopric are better known. In 1274, the unnamed Archbishop of Garella agreed to the
Union of the Churches. In 1310, the Archbishop (again unnamed) participated in a synod in Constantinople against the selling of offices, and an Archbishop Paul is attested in a couple of synodal acts in July 1315. At the start the
Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328, the town was occupied by the forces of
Syrgiannes Palaiologos, who shortly after switched sides to support
Andronikos III Palaiologos. A synodal act of September 1324 records the dues owed by the archbishopric to the
Patriarchate of Constantinople as 24
hyperpyra. Sometime around 1329/1331, the see of Garella was awarded jointly with that of
Lopadion (in
Bithynia, vacant due to the
Ottoman conquest of the area). In June 1341, the archbishopric was raised to the status of a full
metropolitan see. Metropolitan Ioannikios was appointed to the see in or shortly after May 1347, and remained in office until 1355/1356. He is the last known incumbent; as the area was devastated by Turkish raiders and the subsequent Ottoman conquest, the see was probably abolished soon after. The village remained populated by Greeks until the
Greco-Turkish population exchange in 1923. On the eve of the exchange, the village numbered 569 Greek inhabitants. ==Fortress==