The productive fish runs of the Gaspereau attracted a large settlement of the
Mi'kmaq people near Melanson.
Acadians from the settlements at
Grand-Pre were also attracted to the fish runs of the river in the late 1600s and named it after the Gaspereau fish with the name "Rivière des Gasparots" first appearing in a 1701 census of Acadia. {{cite web
Vineyards occupy a significant part of the Gaspereau Valley, up to
Grand-Pré, producing
white wines, such as based on the
L'Acadie blanc grape variety, and
red wines (for example, the
Marechal Foch variety. ==Communities==