Coming from a modest family, Gaston Blanquart began studying the flute at the École nationale de
Valenciennes. In 1894 he succeeded in the competition of entrance to the
Conservatoire de Paris. His teacher
Paul Taffanel considered him a model pupil. On July 28, 1898, he went through a jury presided over by
Theodore Dubois, including
Gabriel Fauré,
Gabriel Pierné and
Charles-Marie Widor; he then won the First Prize with the famous
Fantaisie (Op. 79) by Fauré composed for the occasion. In 1900 he was hired by
Édouard Colonne as fourth flute, and in 1905 became a solo flute of the
Concerts Colonne, he held this post for 35 years. The creations in which Gaston Blanquart participated are numerous and of primary importance: Maurice Ravel:
Une barque sur l’océan (1907) and the
Rhapsodie espagnole (1908),
Claude Debussy:
Danses for harp (1904),
Vincent D’Indy:
Jour d’été à la montagne (1906) etc. The greatest soloists performed with the orchestra:
Raoul Pugno,
Pablo de Sarasate,
Alfred Cortot,
Pablo Casals,
Jacques Thibaud. Occasional conductors were
Arthur Nikisch,
Richard Strauss,
Claude Debussy,
Gustav Mahler who directed his
second symphony in 1910. Very regularly Gaston Blanquart performed as a soloist. He met a huge success in the ''
Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune'' by
Claude Debussy. He married in 1900 with the cellist Fernande Dauphin. The couple had two children: Edmond and Marcelle future harpist, soloist of the Concerts Poulet and Concerts Colonne but also future mother of Arlette Sweetman. Blanquart was friend of many great soloists and composers. French composer,
Camille Saint-Saëns appreciated him very much, he was regarded the favorite flautist of
Maurice Ravel and he very often played with partners such as
Nadia Boulanger,
Pablo Casals,
Georges Enesco,
Lily Laskine,
Jacques Thibaud and many others. A great friend of
Pierre Monteux, the latter engaged him in the orchestra of the
Ballets Russes which he directed. He participated in several premieres by
Igor Stravinsky:
Petrushka in June 1911 at the Châtelet,
The Nightingale in May 1914 and
The Rite of Spring given at the
Théâtre des Champs-Élysées 29 May 1913. It was the occasion of one of the most enormous chahuts of all time but also a cultural shock that was to radically transform the vision of the future of intellectuals and artists. He had long dreamed of being part of the Opéra Orchestra, where he was appointed in 1923. In December 1927, he participated in the
Salle Pleyel to the sole performance of
Pierrot lunaire by
Arnold Schönberg directed in France by the composer. Gaston Blanquart had a passion for pedagogy and had many pupils throughout his life, both in private and at the
Schola Cantorum de Paris and at the Institut Berlioz. He welcomed many amateurs, including teachers
Alexandre Minkowski and
Louis Leprince-Ringuet. The atmosphere was very special rue de Miromesnil: Father, mother and daughter gave all three lessons all day long. At the time of retirement, the last show in which Gaston Blanquart participated was the
Faust by
Charles Gounod where the role of Marguerite was held by a twenty-five year young debutante:
Victoria de Los Angeles. In November 1953, he was promoted to the rank of Chevalier of the
Legion d'honneur.
Maurice Lehmann, director of the Opera, handed him his Cross. All of his life he would help the most fragile. During the First World War he was taken prisoner at the very outset of hostilities and was interned at the Minden camp in Westphalia. He spent four years with twelve thousand other prisoners, and showed them an altruism uncommon in such circumstances. "It seemed that Gaston Blanquart imposed on all by his art, his calm reflection and also by a sort of kindness which was emanating from his personality. Unfortunately, there were not many men like him," wrote Maurice Carton, one of his companions in captivity. Blanquart was very involved in associative life and social action, he helped young musicians as well as the elder ones. In November 1962 he suffered a malaise, he oscillated several days between life and death. He died in his sleep on 1 December 1962. == References ==