In research or diagnosis DNA amplification can be conducted through methods such as: •
Polymerase chain reaction, an easy, cheap, and reliable way to repeatedly
replicate a focused segment of DNA by polymerizing nucleotides, a concept which is applicable to numerous fields in modern biology and related sciences. •
Ligase chain reaction, a method that amplifies the nucleic acid used as the probe. For each of the two DNA strands, two partial probes are ligated to form the actual one; thus, LCR uses two enzymes: a
DNA polymerase (used for initial template amplification and then inactivated) and a thermostable
DNA ligase. •
Transcription-mediated amplification, an isothermal, single-tube
nucleic acid amplification system utilizing two enzymes,
RNA polymerase and
reverse transcriptase, to rapidly amplify the target RNA/DNA, enabling the simultaneous detection of multiple pathogenic organisms in a single tube. • Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is an isothermal amplification method adapted from the
Rolling circle replication. By this method a continuous single stranded DNA is created by amplification of a circular DNA. == Natural DNA amplification ==