In 1829, he was elected to a seat in the
United States House of Representatives in a special election called after
Peleg Sprague resigned to take a seat in the United States Senate. Evans served in the House from 1829 to 1841. He served as chairman of the committee on expenditures of the department of the treasury from 1829 to 1831. In 1841, Evans resigned from the House to take a seat in the
United States Senate. He served as chairman of the Senate Committee on Manufactures from 1841 to 1843, chairman of the
Committee on Finance from 1841 to 1845 and chairman of the Committee on Territories from 1845 to 1847.
James G. Blaine later wrote of Evans's renown in, among other things, matters of finance: Evans served in the Senate until 1847 when he was defeated in an attempt to be reelected to a second term. ==Career after Congress==