World War I In the autumn of 1914, he was drafted into the Russian Imperial Army, being placed first in the Moscow Reserve Regiment and then in the 56th Infantry Reserve Battalion. Beginning in February 1915 he fought on the Western front as part of the
2nd Siberian Rifle Regiment of the
1st Siberian Army Corps. After an interval of study, as noted above, at the Third Moscow School of Ensigns, which he attended from July to November 1915, he returned to active duty in early 1916. After serving as a junior officer in the
458th Suzhansky Infantry Regiment in the 6th Army on the Romanian front, he was made a platoon commander in the regiment’s training team. While in service, he sustained an injury and held the rank of ensign.
Revolution and Civil War While on the Romanian front, Sofronov was an active participant in the revolutionary events of 1917, leading a
Red Guard detachment to Odessa and taking part in the Bolshevik uprising in that city on January 15-18, 1918. It was as a result of that uprising that Soviet power was established in Odessa. In January and February 1918, he was a member of the leadership of the 6th Army, participating in hostilities against Romanian troops in
Bessarabia. In March 1918, he went to Moscow where he was active in the 4th Congress of Soviets. Beginning in April 1918, he served in the Red Army on the North-Ural-Siberian Front, acting, in turn, as head of the operations department at the Army’s headquarters on that front, head of the garrison at
Yekaterinburg, and head of the operations department at the 3rd Army headquarters. He was among those who put down the rebellion in the
Czechoslovak Corps and participated in the execution of the
Russian Royal Family. While pursuing further studies, beginning in 1918, at the Academy of the General Staff of the
Red Army, he served as deputy chairman of the party bureau at the academy. In April 1919, after completing one course at the Academy, he returned to the Eastern Front, where he fought against the troops of Admiral A. V. Kolchak. He served in turn as chief of staff of the Vyatka fortified area, as its commandant, then as commander of the 256th Rifle Regiment. He distinguished himself during the capture of the city of
Glazov and the crossing of the
Kama River. In August 1919, he was transferred to the 7th Army, where he was chief of staff of the 2nd Rifle Brigade of the 2nd Rifle Division, then commander of that brigade. He participated in the defense of
Petrograd under the command of General
Nikolai Yudenich. In late 1919, he returned to the Academy for further education. Beginning in the summer of 1920, he worked at the headquarters of the
1st Revolutionary Labor Army (Urals), then served in turn as deputy military commissar in Yekaterinburg, as commander of the
CHON special brigade, and as chairman of the Army’s committee for combating desertion. Beginning in January 1921, he served as Assistant Chief of Staff of the
Donetsk Labor Army and participated in hostilities against the
Makhnovists and various gangs in the
Donbas.
Interwar period During the years between the wars, Sofronov served in a number of military roles. In autumn 1921 he was named the commandant of the
Arkhangelsk fortified area, provincial military commissar of Arkhangelsk, and commander of the 52nd Separate Rifle Brigade. In July 1922 he became commander, and in December 1922 became military commissar, of the 17th Rifle Division, serving first in
Ryazan and then in
Nizhny Novgorod. He then served in turn as commander and military commissar of varus rifle corps, as Assistant Commander of the
Volga Military District (1932-35), and as commander of the troops and a member of the military council of the
Ural Military District (1937-38). Beginning in July 1938 he was at the disposal of the Office of the Command and the Command Staff of the Red Army; later he became chief of the Directorate of the Higher Military Educational Institutions of the Red Army and first deputy commander of the
Baltic Special Military District. On June 6, 1940, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general.
World War II When World War II began, most of the soldiers in the Baltic Special Military District were transformed into the
North-Western Front under Sofronov’s command. On July 26, 1941, he took command of the
Separate Coastal Army of the
Southern Front, and led the stubborn
Defense of Odessa. In early October 1941, Sofronov had a severe heart attack after receiving news of the death of his only son in battle. On October 5 he was taken to hospital in
Sevastopol, and then to
Kislovodsk. His health problems would prevent him to return to a position as battlefield commander for the rest of the War. Beginning in April 1942, he was Assistant Commander of the Western Front. He was hospitalized again from May to September 1944, then spent the rest of the war as Assistant Commander of the
3rd Byelorussian Front, although his health was poor.
After the war From 1945-46 he was Deputy Commander of the
Baranovichi Military District; from May to October 1946 he was senior lecturer at the
Voroshilov Higher Military Academy, and thereafter served as head of the Department of the Airborne Forces at that institution. In 1953, he went into the reserves, and during his later years lived in Moscow. He is buried at the Donskoy Cemetery in Moscow. ==Honors and awards==