Giovanni Pegna was born on 4 January 1888. In his youth, he becomes attracted by the pioneering aviation activities at the beginning of the 20th century. At age 16, in 1904, he made a series of scale models of
propellers and
gliders. The following year, in 1905, he enrolled at the
Naval Academy in
Livorno where, after six years, he graduated in
shipbuilding. However, he did not abandon his aeronautical passion, and his thesis was a study on longitudinal stability applied to aircraft.
Military career Leaving the academy, Pegna was posted to the
Naval Arsenal of La Spezia, where he had the opportunity to experience his first flight as an observer in a two-seat reconnaissance [seaplane]. The experience from the flight provided Pegna with an inspiration to realize the first two of his projects in those early years — two seaplanes, though these remained only at the project design level. Pegna became in charge of the establishment of the seaplanes department, initially at
Pesaro, and then moving to
Porto Corsini,
Brindisi and
Taranto. He realized the possibility of using seaplanes as attack aircraft equipped with a
torpedo. Although he conducted some demonstration trials, his idea was not supported by his superiors. In 1915 Pegna was transferred to
Milan, assigned to the supervision of the work by
aeronautics companies, which were accelerated into technological design and production due to the outbreak of
World War I. Direct contact with aircraft production allowed him to realize three new projects, a seaplane and two four-engine aircraft. The construction of the first prototype was commissioned by
Isotta Fraschini, and Pegna continued its development even after the official order was canceled. The military authorities believed that the company's decision had been influenced directly by Pegna, and as a result he was put trial and sentenced to three months of arrest for
disobedience. In 1917 Pegna continued his aeronautics research by designing an aircraft suitable for stratospheric flight, while he was assigned to the Air Force Technical direction. This project, however, was not viewed as being important to military uses, and it was not pursued. At the end of WWI, Pegna left the Italian Navy, taking leave in 1919 with the military rank of major.
Civil career In 1922
Count Giovanni Bonmartini convinced Pegna to create the Pegna-Bonmartini manufacturing company. The same year Pegna began drawing a conceptually advanced military aircraft, a fighter of compact proportions. In 1923, when the
prototype was already in an advanced state of construction,
Rinaldo Piaggio, owner of
Piaggio Aero Industries, which until then had dealt with nautical decor and railway equipment, decided to further diversify its business by hiring Pegna to develop the aviation industry. In the face of opposition from Bonmartini to leave his partner, Piaggio completely took over the company. In the following years Pegnae continued to work as a designer. As the technical director for Piaggio, he continued to design various models, mainly seaplanes, including the
Piaggio p.6. In 1936 moved to
Reggiane (group
Caproni). Pegna is especially known for his unconventional aircraft designs for the time, such as seaplanes
Piaggio P.7 designed in 1928 to compete in the
Schneider Trophy, and the
flying wing long experienced in "aviation city" of
Guidonia (
DSSE) throughout the pre-war. His other interesting projects were the
Piaggio P.32 and
Caproni-Reggiane Ca.405 C. == Note ==