GM E-Turbo engine

The 1.0-liter inline-3 consists of two families of engines. The first engine family is known as CSS (Cylinder Set Strategy) Prime, and is a further development of the 1.0-liter GM Small Gasoline engine family. It shares its engine block design with the 1.2-liter variants, but uses different cylinder liners. It has a bore and stroke of for a displacement of . LJI The LJI E-Tec was developed for SAIC-GM. It is turbocharged and has twin port injectors mounted closer to the intake valves. It has a bore and stroke of with a compression ratio of 9.5:1. LIW The LIW is an updated version of the LJI which meets China 6B emissions standards. It has an increased compression ratio of 10.0:1 but still uses port injection. LIV This E-Tec variant has direct injection and is turbocharged and meets China 6B emissions standards. It has a bore and stroke of with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. == 1.2 L ==

This line of engines is known as the Prime CSS (Cylinder Set Strategy) engines, and is a further development of the 1.1-liter GM Small Gasoline engine family. It shares its engine block design with the 1.0-liter variants, but uses different cylinder liners. It has a bore and stroke of . LIF This variant is naturally aspirated and uses port injection with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. It is used in the Argentinian-built Chevrolet Onix. L4H The L4H is turbocharged and has port injection, with a compression ratio of 10.5:1 in Brazil and Mexico-built vehicles, and a 9.5:1 compression ratio model used in some markets. L4K The L4K was the first CSS Prime family engine to enter production. It is the direct injected version of the L4H and also has flex-fuel capability. It was originally used by Opel in the Astra with a 10.0:1 compression ratio, while South American variants use a 10.5:1 compression ratio. South American variants initially used port injection, which was upgraded to direct injection in 2024 to meet emissions regulations. LIH The LIH variant is the North American market version of the L4K. LBP The LBP is the E85 flex-fuel variant of the LIH exclusively for the US market. == 1.3 L ==

The 1.3-liter inline-3 engines consist of two engine families, the CSS 45T E-Turbo engine used globally and the SAIC-GM dual injection E-Tec engine used primarily in China. The CSS 45T E-Turbo has a bore and stroke of bore and stroke of for a displacement of ( per cylinder), while the E-Tec engines have a bore and stroke of for a slightly higher displacement of . L3Z This CSS 45T variant is used in the Korean and Chinese markets, and was first used in the South Korean Chevy Malibu. It was developed to meet China 6B emissions standards. It is turbocharged and direct injected and has a compression ratio of 10.3:1. It uses an electric water pump, electronic turbocharger wastegate, and electric brake booster. L3T This CSS 45T variant is branded as Ecotec and is used in North American and European market vehicles. It has a compression ratio of 10.0:1. LI5 This E-Tec variant is naturally aspirated and uses twin port injectors at each cylinder mounted close to the valves. It is sold in the Chinese market. It has a compression ratio of 11.5:1. LGB This variant is an updated version of the LI5 that meets China 6B emissions standards. It is primarily sold in the Chinese market, but is also exported to Mexico in the Chevrolet Onix. LI6 This E-Tec variant is turbocharged and has dual port injectors placed close to the valves. It has a compression ratio of 9.5:1. LIY The LIY is an update to the LI6 which meets China 6B emissions standards. It has an increased compression ratio of 10.0:1 and features a 48-volt mild hybrid system, but still uses port injection. == 1.5 L ==

These 1.5-liter engines all have a bore of and a stroke of for a displacement of . In China they are known as the SAIC-GM CSS (Cylinder Set Strategy) 375T engine family ( per cylinder). It is equipped with variable valve time cam phasers that are twice the speed compared to the previous generation on both intake and exhaust cams. They use a direct injection system. LJV The LJV was the first eight-generation Ecotec engine variant introduced to China in the Buick Verano Pro. It has a compression ratio of 10:1. LAH The LAH is equipped with a 48-volt mild-hybrid system which contributes an additional and to the engine's total output. LDF The LDF is the longitudinal rear-wheel drive version of the LAH. LP5 An updated higher output version of the LP5 was introduced in March 2025 with the Buick Envision S. LAX The LAX is a variant optimized for use in plug-in hybrids in the Chinese market. It uses the Miller cycle to improve efficiency. LD3 The LD3 is variant optimized for use in range-extender vehicles. ==References==