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Governess of the Children of France

The governess of the children of France was an office at the royal French court during pre-Revolutionary France and the Bourbon Restoration. As the head of the royal nursery, she was charged with the education of the children and grandchildren of the monarch. The holder of the office was taken from the highest-ranking nobility of France and was passed between female family members for much of its history by right of succession (survivance). The governess was supported by various deputies or under-governesses and oversaw a household consisting of dozens of servants and caregivers.

Governesses of the Children of France
on her lap and the Duke of Brittany, François de Troy with Madame Royale overlooked by a painting of Marie Antoinette, unknown artist , by Madame Vigée Le Brun ===Children of Charles VIII=== • Madame de Boufflers, appointed for Charles-Orland in 1492 ===Children of Louis XII=== • Madame de Bouchage, appointed 1499 • Dame de Tournon, governess of Claude • Michelle de Saubonne ===Children of Francis I=== • Charlotte Gouffier de Boisy, Madame de Cossé-BrissacGuillemette de Sarrebruck, comtesse de Braine ===Children of Henry II=== • 1544–1557: Françoise de Contay (d. 1557), Madame d'Humières, Dame de Contay. • Marie-Catherine Gondi, 'Madame Duperon' (d. 1570), sous gouvernante (deputy) • Charlotte de Curton (d. 1575), sous gouvernante (deputy) • Louise de Clermont (1504–1596), comtesse de Tonnerre and duchesse d’Uzès. • Claude Catherine de Clermont (1543–1603), Duchess of Retz. ===Children of Charles IX=== • 1572–1578: Isabelle de Crissé. ===Children of Henry IV=== • 1601–1625: Françoise de Longuejoue, baronne de Montglat (d. 1633) ===Children of Louis XIII=== • 1638–1643: Françoise de Lansac (1583–1657) • 1643–1646: Marie-Catherine de Senecey (1588–1677) ===Children of Louis XIV=== • 1661–1664: Julie d'Angennes, (1607–1671) duchesse de Montausier • 1661–1672: Louise de Prie, (1624–1709), Marquise of Toucy, Duchess of Cardona ====Children of Louis, Grand Dauphin==== • 1682–1691: Louise de Prie, (1624–1709), Marquise of Toucy, Duchess of Cardona ====Children of Louis, Duke of Burgundy==== • 1704–1709: Louise de Prie (1624–1709), Marquise of Toucy, Duchess of Cardona • 1709–1710: Marie Isabelle Angélique de La Mothe-Houdancourt (1654–1726), Duchess of La Ferté-Senneterre • 1710–1735: Charlotte de La Mothe-Houdancourt, (1651–1744), Duchess of Ventadour • Anne Julie de Melun acted as a sous gouvernante to Madame de Ventadour • 1704–1717: • 1710–1717: Marie-Suzanne de Valicourt ===Children of Louis XV=== • 1727–1735: Charlotte de La Mothe-Houdancourt, (1654–1744), Duchess of Ventadour. • 1735–1754: Marie Isabelle de Rohan, (1699–1754), Duchess of Tallard • 1727–1746: Madame de La Lande, sous gouvernante (deputy) • 1727–1744: Marie-Suzanne de Valicourt, sous gouvernante (deputy) • 1771–1778: Marie Angélique de Mackau, sous gouvernante (deputy) ===Children of Louis XVI=== • 1776–1782: Victoire de Rohan, (1743–1807), Princess of Guéméné • 1782–1789: Yolande de Polastron, (1749–1793), Duchess of Polignac. • 1789–1792: Louise Élisabeth de Croÿ, (1749–1832), Marquise of Tourzel. • 1776–1792: Marie Angélique de Mackau, sous gouvernante (deputy) • 1781–1792: Renée Suzanne de Soucy, sous gouvernante (deputy) • 1785–1792: Agathe de Rambaud ===Children of Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry=== • 1819–1830: Marie Joséphine Louise, duchesse de Gontaut (1773–1857) ==Notes==
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