General-purpose machine gun

The general-purpose machine gun (GPMG) originated with the MG 34, designed in 1934 by Heinrich Vollmer of Mauser on the commission of Nazi Germany to circumvent the restrictions on machine guns imposed by the Treaty of Versailles. It was introduced into the Wehrmacht as an entirely new concept in automatic firepower, dubbed the Einheitsmaschinengewehr, meaning "universal machine gun" in German. In itself the MG 34 was an excellent weapon for its time: an air-cooled, recoil-operated machine gun that could run through belts of 7.92×57mm Mauser ammunition at a rate of 850 rounds per minute, with lethality at ranges of more than 1,000 meters. The MG 42 was more efficient and cheaper to manufacture, and more robust, as well as having an extremely high cyclic rate of fire of 1,200 to 1,500 rounds per minute. Following the war the victorious Allied nations took an interest in the MG 34 and MG 42, influencing many post-war general-purpose machine guns, many still in use today. They lent design elements to the Belgian FN MAG and the American M60, while spawning the Zastava M53, Swiss M51, and Austrian MG 74. The MG 42's qualities of firepower and usability meant that it became the foundation of an entire series of postwar machine guns, including the MG 1 and MG 3; the latter, , is still in production. ==Post-WWII examples==

• German Rheinmetall MG 3, a direct descendant of the MG 42, still in service with the German Army and others and widely exported. • German Heckler & Koch HK21, is based on the Heckler & Koch G3 rifle and widely exported. • German Heckler & Koch MG5, the new (2015) standard machine gun of the German Army. • Italian MG 42/59, a direct descendant of the MG 42 and a licensed MG 3 variant, is still in service with the Italian military • Belgian FN MAG, which copied the MG 42's feed-system and trigger-mechanism. It is the most widely used GPMG among western armies. • Belgian/American Mk 48/Minimi 7.62, is a GPMG based on the FN Minimi light machine gun and M249 SAW. • American M60, which is based on the German FG 42 and uses the MG 42's feed system and stamp-steel construction. • American M240, itself an FN MAG variant. It replaced the M60 in U.S. service. • French MAS AA-52, which more or less copies the MG 42 feed-system. It has been largely phased out in favour of the FN MAG and FN Minimi. • Czechoslovak Uk vz. 59, is based on the Vz. 52 and Vz.52/57, and originating with ZB vz. 26 and Bren gun designs. • Russian PK/PKM, family of multi-purpose machine guns, is based on the AKM assault rifle featuring stamped receivers, widely exported. • Russian AEK-999, is an improved version of the PK/PKM. • Russian Pecheneg, is a variant of the PK/PKM with a fixed barrel and cooling jacket. • Yugoslav Zastava M84, is a direct copy of the Russian PK machine-gun. • Polish UKM-2000, is based on the Russian PK machine-gun. • Chinese Type 80, is based on the Russian PK machine-gun. • Chinese Type 67, and later improved models. • Chinese Type 88 Machine Gun • Chinese QJY-201 • Japanese Sumitomo NTK-62, is a GPMG based on the FN MAG. • South African Vektor SS-77, is based on the Russian PK/PKM. • South African Denel DMG-5, is based on the Vektor SS-77 and Russian PK/PKM. • South Korean S&T Motiv K16, is based on the K3 light machine gun. • Swiss MG 51, a direct descendant of the MG42. • Swiss SIG MG 710-3 • Swiss SIG MG 50 • Austrian MG 74, a direct descendant of the MG 42/59 and since 1974 the standard machine gun of the Austrian Armed Forces. • Israeli Negev NG7, is a GPMG based on the IWI Negev light machine gun. • Canadian C6A1 FLEX, an improved version of C6 that is a Canadian version of FN MAG. • Belgian FN EVOLYS, is a multi-caliber, 3D printing and polymers material lightweight machine gun. ==Gallery==

File:MG34.jpg | MG 34 belt-fed tripod version (top) and saddle-drum magazine bipod version (below) File:Poligono Mg.jpg | MG 42/59 File:BundeswehrMG3.jpg | MG3 File:MG74 Dreibein und ZF.jpg | MG 74 mounted on its tripod File:Machine gun p1040625.jpg | AA-52 File:M60 Medium Machine Gun (7414626098).jpg | M60 File:FN MAG white background.jpg | FN MAG (Fabrique Nationale de Herstal) File:7,62 KK PKM Helsinki 2012.JPG | PKM File:HK 21 LMG RIGHT SIDE.jpg | HK21A1 File:Japan Type 62 General Purpose Machine Gun.jpg | Type 62 File:ChineseType672MG.jpg | Type 67 on a tripod field mount File:QJY-201Zhuhai.jpg | QJY-201 at Airshow China 2022 File:PEO M240B Profile.jpg | M240 File:Демонстрация стрельбы из пулеметов ПКП Печенег - 4-й гвардейской Кантемировской танковой дивизии 01.jpg | Pecheneg File:UKM2000P REMOV.jpg | UKM-2000P File:Mk 48 PEO Soldier.jpg | MK48 MOD 0/1, 7.62mm Lightweight Machine Gun File:S&T Motiv K12 (cropped).JPG | K16 File:Heckler & Koch MG5.jpg | MG5 File:Latvian soldiers with machine guns.jpg | Latvian soldiers with MG3, FN MAG and HK21 machine guns ==See also==