Parkinson was born on 5 November 1896 in the
Wellington suburb of
Mount Cook. His parents were Henry Parkinson, a school teacher, and Ethel Constance Young. Parkinson was schooled at Greytown School and Newtown District High School. He also attended
Wellington College for the final two years of his education. In 1913, he sat and passed the entrance examination for the
Royal Military College, Duntroon, in Australia, which set aside a limited number of enrolments for New Zealanders. He entered Duntroon the following year and graduated in April 1916. ==Military career==