Greek Cypriot nationalism

of Cyprus. The Ottoman Empire ceded administration of Cyprus to the United Kingdom with the secret Cyprus Convention (1878). During World War I, the British formally annexed Cyprus as a crown colony. The 1950 referendum on unification with Greece, organized by the Orthodox Church, with only Greek Cypriot vote eligibility, ended with 96% approval. Greece appealed to the UN in 1954 to apply the right for self-determination on Cyprus. The Cypriot intercommunal violence led UN peacekeeping establishment on the island. The London-Zürich Agreements led to the independence of Cyprus, proclaimed on 16 August 1960. Several coups were staged by Orthodox bishops against Makarios III in March 1972 to July 1973. The 1974 Cypriot coup d'état, staged by the Cypriot National Guard and Greek military junta, was successful, but short-lived, as it sparked the Turkish invasion of Cyprus (1974) that led to the fall of the junta and the Turkish occupation of 36.2% of Cyprus' territory. In 1983, the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" was unilaterally declared, but has so far failed to achieve international recognition (it is recognised only by Turkey), and has been under a severe international embargo. ==Political parties==

;Active • Democratic Rally (DISY), centre-right, strongly pro-European and Atlanticist party that includes both Greek-Cypriot nationalist as well as moderate factions that supported the Annan Plan of 2004 , 17/56 seats • Democratic Party (DIKO), centrist, founded in 1976, 9/56 seats • Movement for Social Democracy (EDEK), left-wing in economic theory and in most social policies but nationalist and hard-line in the Cyprus issue, founded in 1969, 4/56 seats • National Popular Front (ELAM), founded in 2008, 4/56 seats (also strongly Greek nationalist and pro-Enosis) • Movement of Ecologists – Citizens' Cooperation (KOSP), founded in 1996, 3/56 seats • Solidarity Movement, Nationalist and soft eurosceptic, founded in 2016, 0/56 seats ;Defunct • Patriotic Front, active 1959–69, split into United Party, Progressive Front, Progressive Party and Democratic National Party • Democratic National Party, active 1968–77, merged into Democratic Rally • United Party, active 1969–76, split from Democratic Rally and Democratic Party • Progressive Front, active 1970–76, merged into Democratic Rally • Union of the Centre, active 1980–85, merged into Democratic Party and was led by Tassos Papadopoulos • New Horizons, active 1996–2005, merged into European Party • Fighting Democratic Movement, active 1998–2011, split from Democratic Party and merged back into Democratic Party • Eurodemocratic Renewal Party, active 1998–c. 2004, split from Democratic Party and merged back into Democratic Party • European Democracy, active 2004–2008, merged into European Party • European Party, active 2005–15, merged into Solidarity Movement • Citizens' Alliance, active 2013–21 ==See also==