Greek Summer Offensive

In May 1920, the Kuva-yi Inzibatiye, backed by the British, had been sent to seize the area of Geyve and İzmit, but they were repelled by the Turkish irregular forces. Subsequently, British aeroplanes bombed the Turkish positions in İzmit with little outcome. ==Offensive==

Since they couldn't depend on the Kuva-yi Inzibatiye as the situation was a stalemate, the fighting around İzmit was key to the British deciding to bring in the Greek army for assistance and to punish the attacks on their troops. Akhisar (22 June); Kırkağaç, Soma and Salihli (24 June); Alaşehir (25 June); Kula (28 June); Balıkesir (30 June); Bandırma, Kirmasti and Karacabey (2 July); Nazilli (3 July); Gemlik and Mudanya (6 July); Bursa (8 July); Karamürsel (11 July); İznik (12 July); Gediz and Ulubey (28 August); Uşak (29 August); Simav (3 September). During the offensive against these areas, several clashes occurred between the advancing British-Greek troops and the defending Turkish irregular forces. For example, Mudanya had been tried to be captured as early as 25 June by naval landing forces, but stubborn Turkish resistance inflicted casualties on British forces and forced them to withdraw. On 6 July a British fleet of 12 ships bombarded the town for three hours, killing 25 Turkish soldiers. After the bombardment British troops landed and took control of the town. There were many instances of successful delaying operations of small Turkish irregular forces against numerical superior enemy troops. Such as in Savaştepe when a Turkish irregular unit of 200 men delayed a Greek division of 10,000 men for one day. By reaching Uşak on 29 June, the Greek army had advanced some . Apart from these major settlements, several other smaller settlements were captured during the offensive. ==Aftermath==

The Turkish nationalist forces started a small counter-attack in the area of Gediz, but it wasn't successful. ==Gallery==

File:Greek occupation troops in Anatolia.jpg|Greek troops in Mudanya. File:British landing on Mudanya.jpg|British landing at Mudanya, 25 June 1920. File:A captured Nationalist Turkish soldier (Mudanya 1920) (cropped).jpg|A captured nationalist Turkish soldier on board HMS Royal Sovereign during the assault on Mudanya, 6 July 1920. File:HMS Royal Sovereign bombing Mudanya July 1920.jpg|'s 6-inch guns in action bombarding Mudanya, 6 July 1920. File:Mudanya July 1920 (1).jpg|Burning caused by the bombardment, 6 July 1920, Mudanya. File:Mudanya July 1920 (3).jpg|The return of HMS Royal Sovereigns seaman after forced landing under heavy machine gun & rifle fire. (Mudanya, July 1920) File:Mudanya July 1920 (4).jpg|Royal Marines landing at Mudanya. File:Greek Landing in Bandirma 1.jpg|Greek and American troops landing at Bandirma (Panormos). File:King Alexander of Greece and General Paraskevopoulos in Bandirma (cropped).jpg|General Paraskevopoulos with King Alexander in Panormos. File:Turkish Prisoners (Izmit 1920).jpg|Turkish prisoners captured at Izmit by the British forces. The three men standing together at the front were accused to be the ringleaders and they were subsequently executed in June 1920. File:Execution of a Kemalist Turk in Izmit 1920.jpg|Execution of a Kemalist Turk, by the British forces in Izmit. File:Turkish man accused of espionage by Greek army executed.jpg|Turkish man who was accused of spying for the Turkish army is executed by Greek troops. File:British officer inspecting Greek troops (Anatolia 1919-1922).jpg|British officer inspecting Greek troops and trenches. ==See also==