On September 13, 2005, on the recommendation of Senators Jim Bunning and Mitch McConnell, President George W. Bush nominated Van Tatenhove to fill a seat on the
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky previously held by Judge
Karl Spillman Forester. Van Tatenhove was confirmed by the
United States Senate on December 21, 2005, and received his commission on January 5, 2006. Kentucky Attorney General
Daniel Cameron was a
law clerk for Van Tatenhove for two years, in 2011–13. Upon Cameron's election to Kentucky Attorney General, Van Tatenhove swore him into office.
Notable cases On October 11, 2014, Van Tatenhove held that Kentucky Educational Television did not have to allow a Libertarian candidate to be part of a debate with Mitch McConnell and Alison Lundergan Grimes, the candidate's opponents in a battle to be elected US Senator. The chair of the Kentucky Libertarian Party said he was disgusted with the judge's ruling, given that the TV station had changed its standards for inclusion in the debate mid-stream. On March 30, 2018, he ruled that
Governor Bevin did not violate the 1st amendment when he blocked viewers from his Facebook and Twitter accounts due to their political beliefs. His ruling contradicted a similar ruling that stated that then-president
Donald Trump had violated the 1st amendment when blocking individuals from his Twitter account due to their political beliefs. On May 8, 2020, Van Tatenhove, in a later-overturned opinion, ruled that Kentucky churches could hold in-person services during the
COVID-19 pandemic in Kentucky starting May 10. In his ruling, he said that in-person meeting was essential for the church, writing "The orders at issue do not simply restrict religious expression; they restrict religious expression in an attempt to protect the public health during a global pandemic." However, a unanimous three-judge panel of the
United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit stayed Van Tatenhove's ruling, and overturned his injunction while an appeal moved forward. Senator Mitch McConnell and 37 other senators filed a brief supporting Van Tatenhove's opinion. In December 2020, the
US Supreme Court overturned Van Tatenhove's ruling. == University of Kentucky College of Law deanship controversy ==