Three Kingdoms Period The Sageunsanseong Fortress, which encircles the peak of Yeonhwasan Mountain (443 m above sea level) is presumed to have been built during the
Three Kingdoms of Korea (57 BCE-668 CE) and used until the
Joseon period (1392-1910). The fortress was located at a strategic pass and was therefore a site of fierce conflicts between the
Baekje Kingdom (18 BCE-660 CE) to the west and the
Silla Kingdom (57 BCE-935 CE) to the east. The fortress also played a very important role in guarding against Japanese pirates who invaded from the southern coast in an attempt to reach the fertile lands of the
Jeolla region. According to historical sources, it is said that when the Japanese invaded this area in 1380, around 500 people died here in battle. The fortress was neglected for centuries until it was repaired in the late 15th century. In mid-August 1597, in the early stage of the Jeongyujae crisis, there was an invasion of Japanese troops against the Hwangseoksan Fortress. The battle was fought between local citizens in Hamyang and Aneum Geochang of Joseon and
Katō Kiyomasa of the Japanese military, with over 60,000 troops. The Hwangseoksanseong Fortress was guarded by Gwak Jun, the governor of Aneumhyeon, as the chief commander, Baek Sa-rim of Gimhae Busa as the supreme commander, and Jo Jo-do, the former governor of Hamyang. The battle started on August 16 and the Joseon army was completely annihilated on the 18th, but Baeksarim of Gimhae Bussa. 353 Koreans were killed inside the fortress. ==Climate==