Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge

The Refuge is a relatively flat river valley ranging from above sea level and is surrounded by steep wooded hillsides up to high. The average annual temperature is approximately , and annual rainfall usually exceeds . At the southeastern end of the Refuge, water from the Hanalei River is diverted into an east and west supply ditch. It then flows northwest and irrigates approximately of taro and of wildlife impoundments before returning to the river. The Refuge encompasses a total area of approximately . ==Wildlife==

The Refuge hosts five endangered waterbirds, the āeo (Hawaiian stilt, Himantopus mexicanus knudseni), alae kea (Hawaiian coot, Fulica alai), alae ula (Hawaiian moorhen, Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis), koloa maoli (Hawaiian duck, Anas wyvilliana), and nēnē (Hawaiian goose, Branta sandvicensis), as well as 18 other introduced bird species. ==Public use==

Refuge wetlands are closed to the public to protect the endangered waterbirds and taro crops. Limited access is allowed along a county river road. There are interpretive panels located at the Hanalei Valley overlook, across from the Princeville Shopping Center. A new overlook/visitor center is planned for an area adjacent to the refuge near the existing rudimentary overlook. A nonprofit association conducts historic and environmental education activities for local school groups and visitors under a Special Use Permit. ==Notes==