Origins The Hazaraspids were descendant of a
Kurdish tribal chief in
Syria, Fadlawi. Fadlawi along with his tribe migrated from
Syria to
Luristan and
Khuzestan, passing
Mayyafariqin and
Adharbayjan on his way. While in Adharbayjan, he made an alliance with the
Gilan ruler. In 1006, Fadlawi reached northern Luristan, where Abu Tahir, his 9th descendant, established himself as an independent ruler of Luristan.
Atabagate of Greater Luristan Abu Tahir, who was initially a commander of the
Salghurids of Fars and was appointed as the governor of
Kuhgiluya, but eventually gained independence in
Luristan and extended his realm as far as
Isfahan and assumed the prestigious title of
atabeg. His son, Malik Hazarasp fought a successful campaign against Salghurids and assisted
Jalal-al-din Khwarezmshah in his struggle against the
Mongols. Another Hazaraspid ruler Takla, accompanied
Hulagu on his march to
Baghdad, but deserted because of the murder of the last
caliph. He was eventually caught and executed on Hulagu's order. Yusuf Shah I received
Ilkhan Abaqa's confirmation of his rule and added
Khuzestan, Kuhgiluya, Firuzan (near Isfahan) and
Golpayegan to his domain. Afrasiab I attempted to extend his control to the coast of
Persian Gulf but faced stiff opposition from the Mongols who defeated his army at Kuhrud near
Kashan. He was reinstated by
Ilkhan Gaykhatu but was executed by
Gazan in October 1296. The capital of Hazaraspids was located at
Idaj located in present-day northern
Khuzestan. Yusuf Shah II annexed the cities of
Shushtar,
Hoveizeh and
Basra in the first half of fourteenth century. During the reign of Shams-al-din Pashang, the dynasty faced attacks from the
Muzaffarids and the capital Idaj temporarily fell into their hands, until the occupiers had to retreat due to their own internecine fighting. In 1424, the
Timurid ruler
Shahrukh Mirza overthrew the last Hazaraspid ruler Ghiyath al-Din thereby ended the dynasty. Maintaining their rule throughout the Seljuk, Mongol and somewhat into the Timurid era, the Hazaraspids played a part in the preservation of the Iranian. identity during foreign rule. == Population ==