Hebburn

In Saxon times Hebburn was a small fishing hamlet upon the river Tyne. The Lordship of the Manor of Hebburn passed through the hands of a number of families during the Middle Ages, including the Hodgsons of Hebburn (James 1974, Hodgson). In the early 1600s, the wealthy Newcastle family, the Ellisons, acquired the land of Hebburn. In 1853, Andrew Leslie arrived from Aberdeen, Scotland. He expanded the Ellison estate, further, with shipbuilding, In 1885 the shipyard merged with local locomotive builder W Hawthorne, and then changed its name to Hawthorn Leslie and Company, and grew even more. The youngest were 10 years old. In 1936 Monkton Coke Works was built by the Government, in response to the Jarrow Hunger March in 1932. Hawthorn Leslie built everything from liners to tankers. One ship built at the shipyard was HMS Kelly, launched in 1938 and commanded by Lord Louis Mountbatten. The ship, a K-Class destroyer, was commissioned just eleven days before WWII. The former British Short-Circuit Testing Station in Victoria Road West within the town, owned by A. Reyrolle & Company provided the backdrop for the Gary Numan video "Metal". The facility was demolished in 2011. In 2012, the BBC commissioned a television series Hebburn to be set in the town. It was created and co-written by Jason Cook, who was raised in Hebburn. The first episode was broadcast on 18 October 2012. 4th Battalion the Parachute Regiment and 23 SAS Reserves have bases in Hebburn. The Air Cadets have a unit located at Hebburn TA Centre. Hebburn has an ecology centre powered by wind turbines. It is the location of a shipyard, operated by A&P Group. ==Governance==

There are is one main tier of local government covering Hebburn, at metropolitan borough level: South Tyneside Council. The council is a member of the North East Combined Authority, led by the directly elected Mayor of the North East. For national elections, the town forms part of the Jarrow and Gateshead East constituency. Administrative history Hebburn historically formed part of the ancient parish of Jarrow in the Chester Ward of County Durham. The parish was subdivided into seven townships: Harton, Hedworth, Heworth, Monkton, South Shields, Westoe, and a Jarrow township which covered both the settlement of Jarrow itself and Hebburn. The four townships of Harton, Heworth, South Shields, and Westoe each took on civil functions under the poor laws from the 17th century onwards. They therefore each became civil parishes in 1866 when the legal definition of 'parish' was changed to be the areas used for administering the poor laws. The other three townships jointly administered their poor law functions and so became a single civil parish called "Hedworth Monkton and Jarrow". In 1873, the western part of that parish was made the Hebburn local government district, which was then administered by an elected local board. Such districts were reconstituted as urban districts under the Local Government Act 1894. The 1894 Act also directed that civil parishes could no longer straddle borough or district boundaries, and so a new civil parish of Hebburn was created, matching the urban district. The urban district council adopted the Ellison family crest as its coat of arms. ==Education==

Hebburn has two secondary schools: St Joseph's Catholic Academy (formerly St Joseph's Comprehensive School) and Hebburn Comprehensive School. ==Sport==

Hebburn Town F.C., formed in 1912, and Hebburn Reyrolle F.C. are the town's local non-league football teams. Hebburn Argyle, which existed in the early 1900s, reformed several years ago as a youth club. Athletics is also catered for at Monkton Stadium, home of Jarrow and Hebburn Athletic Club, where Brendan Foster, Steve Cram and David Sharpe are notable past runners. A short lived greyhound racing track was opened in 1945. The plans to build the track were passed in September 1944 and it cost £30,000 to construct a venue that could accommodate 6,000 people. The racing was independent (not affiliated to the sports governing body the National Greyhound Racing Club) and was known as a flapping track, which was the nickname given to independent tracks. The track was trading in 1947 but it is not known when it closed. ==Transport==

Hebburn Metro station is a stop on the Tyne and Wear Metro. It is situated between and station. The Yellow line serves stations between , , and . The nearest National Rail station is at , which is a stop on the Durham Coast Line between , , and ; services are operated by Northern Trains. Bus services are provided predominantly by Stagecoach North East and Go North East; routes link the town to South Shields, Jarrow, Gateshead and Newcastle. A mid-Tyne ferry service, which was owned by several shipyards, once operated between Hebburn, Walker and Wallsend; it last ran in 1986. One of the fleet, run by the Mid Tyne Ferry Co, was called the Tyne Queen; in 2020, she was named the Jacobite Queen and was still working on Loch Ness, Inverness, Scotland.{{cite web | url = https://www.nationalhistoricships.org.uk/register/391/jacobite-queen ==Notable people==

Academia • Dominic Bruce, RAF officer and later a college principal who in WWII, escaped from Colditz Castle and Schloss Spangenberg • Arthur Holmes, geologist • John Miles (musician) Songwriter • Brian David Smith, academic researcher • John Steven Watson, English historian • Paul Younger, hydrogeologist and environmental engineer Engineering • Andrew Leslie, shipbuilder Entertainment • Jason Cook, comedian, writer of the BBC sitcom Hebburn • Robert Saint, composer, best known for his musical composition "Gresford", also known as "The Miners Hymn" • Frank Wappat, BBC Radio presenter and disc jockey, founder of Memory Lane magazine Politics • Sir Fergus Montgomery, Conservative MP and Margaret Thatcher's Parliamentary Private Secretary (prior to her becoming Prime Minister) Sport • George Armstrong, football player with Arsenal F.C. • Chris Basham, football player with Blackpool F.C., Bolton Wanderers F.C. and Sheffield United F.C. • Ian Chipchase, athlete and gold medalist at the 1974 Commonwealth Games • Josef Craig, British Paralympic swimmer, who won Gold at the 2012 Paralympic Games • Johnny Dixon, football player with Aston Villa F.C. • Jack English, football player • Carl Finnigan, football player with St Johnstone F.C., Falkirk F.C., South Shields F.C. and Newcastle United F.C. • Sir Brendan Foster, athlete and sports commentator • Wilfred Milne, football player • Chris Rigg, football player with Sunderland A.F.C. • Ray Wood, football player with Manchester United F.C. ==References==