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Heptagonal triangle

In Euclidean geometry, a heptagonal triangle is an obtuse, scalene triangle whose vertices coincide with the first, second, and fourth vertices of a regular heptagon. Thus its sides coincide with one side and the adjacent shorter and longer diagonals of the regular heptagon. All heptagonal triangles are similar, and so they are collectively known as the heptagonal triangle. Its angles have measures and and it is the only triangle with angles in the ratios 1:2:4. The heptagonal triangle has various remarkable properties.

Key points
The heptagonal triangle's nine-point center is also its first Brocard point. The second Brocard point lies on the nine-point circle. The circumcenter and the Fermat points of a heptagonal triangle form an equilateral triangle. The distance between the circumcenter O and the orthocenter H is given by :OH=R\sqrt{2}, where R is the circumradius. The squared distance from the incenter I to the orthocenter is :IH^2=\frac{R^2+4r^2}{2}, where r is the inradius. The two tangents from the orthocenter to the circumcircle are mutually perpendicular. ==Relations of distances==
Relations of distances
Sides The heptagonal triangle's sides a \begin{align} a^2 & =c(c-b), \\[5pt] b^2 & =a(c+a), \\[5pt] c^2 & =b(a+b), \\[5pt] \frac 1 a & =\frac 1 b + \frac 1 c \end{align} (the latter :\frac{a^2}{bc}, \quad -\frac{b^2}{ca}, \quad -\frac{c^2}{ab} satisfy the cubic equation :t^3+4t^2+3t-1=0. We also have :a^4+b^4+c^4=21R^4. :a^6+b^6+c^6=70R^6. The ratio r /R of the inradius to the circumradius is the positive solution of the cubic equation :8x^3+28x^2+14x-7=0. In addition, :\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=\frac{2}{R^2}. We also have :\frac{1}{a^4}+\frac{1}{b^4}+\frac{1}{c^4}=\frac{2}{R^4}. :\frac{1}{a^6}+\frac{1}{b^6}+\frac{1}{c^6}=\frac{17}{7R^6}. In general for all integer n, :a^{2n}+b^{2n}+c^{2n}=g(n)(2R)^{2n} where :g(-1) = 8, \quad g(0)=3, \quad g(1)=7 and :g(n)=7g(n-1)-14g(n-2)+7g(n-3). We also have :2b^2-a^2=\sqrt{7}bR, \quad 2c^2-b^2=\sqrt{7}cR, \quad 2a^2-c^2=-\sqrt{7}aR. We also have :a^{3}c + b^{3}a - c^{3}b = -7R^{4}, :a^{4}c - b^{4}a + c^{4}b = 7\sqrt{7}R^{5}, :a^{11}c^{3}+b^{11}a^{3} - c^{11}b^{3} = -7^{3}17R^{14}. The exradius ra corresponding to side a equals the radius of the nine-point circle of the heptagonal triangle. ==Orthic triangle==
Orthic triangle
The heptagonal triangle's orthic triangle, with vertices at the feet of the altitudes, is similar to the heptagonal triangle, with similarity ratio 1:2. The heptagonal triangle is the only obtuse triangle that is similar to its orthic triangle (the equilateral triangle being the only acute one). ==Hyperbola==
Hyperbola
The rectangular hyperbola through A,B,C,G=X(2),H=X(4) has the following properties: • first focus F_1 = X(5) • center U is on Euler circle (general property) and on circle (O, F_1) • second focus F_2 is on the circumcircle ==Trigonometric properties==
Trigonometric properties
Trigonometric identities The various trigonometric identities associated with the heptagonal triangle include these: \begin{align} \cot^2\! A &= 1 -\frac{2 \tan C}{\sqrt{7}} \\[2pt] \cot^2\! B &= 1 -\frac{2 \tan A}{\sqrt{7}} \\[2pt] \cot^2\! C &= 1 -\frac{2 \tan B}{\sqrt{7}} \end{align} Cubic polynomials The cubic equation 64y^3-112y^2+56y-7=0 has solutions The roots of the cubic equation x^3 - \tfrac{\sqrt 7}{2}x^2 + \tfrac{\sqrt 7}{8} = 0 are \begin{array}{ccccccl} \sqrt[3]{2\sin 2A} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{2\sin 2B} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{2\sin 2C} \!&\! = \!&\! -\sqrt[18]{7} \times \sqrt[3]{-\sqrt[3]{7} + 6 + 3\left(\sqrt[3]{5 - 3 \sqrt[3]{7}} + \sqrt[3]{4 - 3 \sqrt[3]{7}}\right)} \\[2pt] \sqrt[3]{2\sin 2A} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{2\sin 2B} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{2\sin 2C} \!&\! = \!&\! -\sqrt[18]{7} \times \sqrt[3]{-\sqrt[3]{7} + 6 + 3\left(\sqrt[3]{5 - 3 \sqrt[3]{7}} + \sqrt[3]{4 - 3 \sqrt[3]{7}}\right)} \\[2pt] \sqrt[3]{4\sin^2 2A} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{4\sin^2 2B} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{4\sin^2 2C} \!&\! = \!&\! \sqrt[18]{49} \times \sqrt[3]{ \sqrt[3]{49} + 6 + 3\left(\sqrt[3]{12 + 3( \sqrt[3]{49} + 2\sqrt[3]{7})} + \sqrt[3]{11 + 3( \sqrt[3]{49} + 2\sqrt[3]{7})}\right)} \\[6pt] \sqrt[3]{2\cos 2A} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{2\cos 2B} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{2\cos 2C} \!&\! = \!&\! \sqrt[3]{5 - 3\sqrt[3]{7}} \\[8pt] \sqrt[3]{4\cos^2 2A} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{4\cos^2 2B} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{4\cos^2 2C} \!&\! = \!&\! \sqrt[3]{11 + 3(2\sqrt[3]{7} + \sqrt[3]{49})} \\[6pt] \sqrt[3]{\tan 2A} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\tan 2B} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\tan 2C} \!&\! = \!&\! -\sqrt[18]{7} \times \sqrt[3]{\sqrt[3]{7} + 6 + 3\left(\sqrt[3]{5 + 3(\sqrt[3]{7} - \sqrt[3]{49})} + \sqrt[3]{- 3 + 3(\sqrt[3]{7} - \sqrt[3]{49})}\right)} \\[2pt] \sqrt[3]{\tan^2 2A} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\tan^2 2B} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\tan^2 2C} \!&\! = \!&\! \sqrt[18]{49} \times \sqrt[3]{3\sqrt[3]{49} + 6 + 3\left(\sqrt[3]{89 + 3(3\sqrt[3]{49} + 5\sqrt[3]{7})} + \sqrt[3]{25 + 3(3\sqrt[3]{49} + 5\sqrt[3]{7})}\right)} \end{array} \begin{array}{ccccccl} \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{2\sin 2A}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{2\sin 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{2\sin 2C}} \!&\! = \!&\! -\frac{1}{\sqrt[18]{7}} \times \sqrt[3]{6 + 3\left(\sqrt[3]{5 - 3 \sqrt[3]{7}} + \sqrt[3]{4 - 3 \sqrt[3]{7}}\right)} \\[2pt] \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{4\sin^2 2A}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{4\sin^2 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{4\sin^2 2C}} \!&\! = \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[18]{49}} \times \sqrt[3]{ 2\sqrt[3]{7} + 6 + 3\left(\sqrt[3]{12 + 3( \sqrt[3]{49} + 2\sqrt[3]{7})} + \sqrt[3]{11 + 3( \sqrt[3]{49} + 2\sqrt[3]{7})}\right)} \\[2pt] \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{2\cos 2A}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{2\cos 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{2\cos 2C}} \!&\! = \!&\! \sqrt[3]{4 - 3\sqrt[3]{7}} \\[6pt] \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{4\cos^2 2A}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{4\cos^2 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{4\cos^2 2C}} \!&\! = \!&\! \sqrt[3]{12 + 3(2\sqrt[3]{7} + \sqrt[3]{49})} \\[2pt] \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\tan 2A}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\tan 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\tan 2C}} \!&\! = \!&\! -\frac{1}{\sqrt[18]{7}} \times \sqrt[3]{-\sqrt[3]{49} + 6 + 3\left(\sqrt[3]{5 + 3(\sqrt[3]{7} - \sqrt[3]{49})} + \sqrt[3]{- 3 + 3(\sqrt[3]{7} - \sqrt[3]{49})}\right)} \\[2pt] \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\tan^2 2A}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\tan^2 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\tan^2 2C}} \!&\! = \!&\! \frac{1}{\sqrt[18]{49}} \times \sqrt[3]{5\sqrt[3]{7} + 6 + 3\left(\sqrt[3]{89 + 3(3\sqrt[3]{49} + 5\sqrt[3]{7})} + \sqrt[3]{25 + 3(3\sqrt[3]{49} + 5\sqrt[3]{7})}\right)} \end{array} \begin{array}{ccccccl} \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos 2A}{\cos 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos 2B}{\cos 2C}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos 2C}{\cos 2A}} \!&\! = \!&\! -\sqrt[3]{7} \\[2pt] \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos 2B}{\cos 2A}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos 2C}{\cos 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos 2A}{\cos 2C}} \!&\! = \!&\! 0 \\[2pt] \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^4 2B}{\cos 2A}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^4 2C}{\cos 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^4 2A}{\cos 2C}} \!&\! = \!&\! -\frac{\sqrt[3]{49}}{2} \\[2pt] \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^5 2A}{\cos^2 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^5 2B}{\cos^2 2C}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^5 2C}{\cos^2 2A}} \!&\! = \!&\! 0 \\[2pt] \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^5 2B}{\cos^2 2A}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^5 2C}{\cos^2 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^5 2A}{\cos^2 2C}} \!&\! = \!&\! -3\times \frac{\sqrt[3]{7}}{2} \\[2pt] \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^{14}2A}{\cos^5 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^{14}2B}{\cos^5 2C}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^{14}2C}{\cos^5 2A}} \!&\! = \!&\! 0 \\[2pt] \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^{14}2B}{\cos^5 2A}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^{14}2C}{\cos^5 2B}} \!&\! + \!&\! \sqrt[3]{\frac{\cos^{14}2A}{\cos^5 2C}} \!&\! = \!&\! -61\times \frac{\sqrt[3]{7}}{8}. \end{array} ==References==
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