The district had its origins in the Hertford
Poor Law Union, which had been created in 1835. In 1872
rural sanitary districts were established, giving public health and local government responsibilities to the existing
boards of guardians of poor law unions for any parts of their district which did not have an existing urban authority. The Hertford Rural Sanitary District therefore covered the area of the Hertford Poor Law Union except for Hertford itself, which was a
municipal borough. Under the
Local Government Act 1894, rural sanitary districts became rural districts with effect from 28 December 1894. ==Parishes==