Current complex •
SuperKEKB: A electron-positron
collider and upgrade to
KEKB. With two storage rings: a 7 GeV electron
storage ring and a 4 GeV positron
storage ring. The circumferential length is about 3.016 km. Large quantities of
B-mesons and anti-
B-mesons will be generated providing data for the
Belle II experiment. •
Photon Factory (PF): A electron
storage ring is used for
synchrotron light experiments. The circumferential length is about 187 m. The energy of the electron beam is 2.5 GeV. • Photon Factory Advanced Ring (PF-AR): An electron
storage ring is used for
synchrotron light experiments. This
accelerator generates high intensity and pulsed
X-ray with the electron beam of 6.5 GeV. The circumferential length is about 377 m. This ring used to be operated as a booster
synchrotron for TRISTAN, electron-positron collider, and called TRISTAN Accumulation Ring (AR) originally. • KEK e+/e- Linac: A
linear accelerator complex used to inject 8.0 GeV electrons and 3.5 GeV positrons to KEKB. The
linac also provides 2.5 GeV electrons for PF and 6.5 GeV electrons for PF-AR. The Linac has in recent years been upgraded for
SuperKEKB. •
Accelerator Test Facility (ATF): A test accelerator is focused on generating a super low-emittance beam. This is one of the essential techniques for realizing a future electron-positron linear collider. The beam energy of electrons is 1.28 GeV in normal operation. • Superconducting RF Test Facility (STF): A test facility to build and operate a test
linac with high-gradient
superconducting cavities, as a prototype of the main linac systems for
International Linear Collider (ILC). • Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (
J-PARC): A proton accelerator complex consisting primarily of a 600 MeV
linac, a 3 GeV
synchrotron and 50 GeV
synchrotron. J-PARC was built with a collaboration between KEK and
JAEA, and is used for
nuclear physics,
particle physics,
muon science,
neutron science,
Accelerator-Driven System (ADS) and a range of other applications. •
KEK digital accelerator (KEK-DA) is a renovation of the KEK 500 MeV booster proton synchrotron, which was shut down in 2006. The existing 40 MeV drift tube linac and rf cavities have been replaced by an
electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source embedded in a 200 kV high-voltage terminal and induction acceleration cells, respectively. A DA is, in principle, capable of accelerating any species of ion in all possible charge states.
Shutdown complex •
Proton Synchrotron (
PS): An accelerator complex to accelerate protons up to 12 GeV. PS had consisted primarily of a 750 keV pre-accelerator, a 40 MeV
linac, a 500 MeV booster
synchrotron and a 12 GeV main ring. PS had been used for
nuclear and
particle physics. PS also had provided the 12 GeV proton beam to a
neutrino beam line in KEK for a KEK to
Kamioka (
K2K) experiment. PS achieved its design energy of 8 GeV in 1976. PS was shut down in 2007. • Neutrino Beam Line: A beam line to drive neutrinos into
Super-Kamiokande, which is about 250 km away from KEK, and a
neutrino oscillation experiment named
K2K had been conducted from 1999 to 2004. A
neutrino oscillation experiment named
Tokai to
Kamioka (
T2K) has been conducted using
J-PARC since 2009. • Transposable Ring Intersecting Storage Accelerator in Nippon (TRISTAN): An electron-positron collider had been operated from 1987 to 1995. The main purpose was detecting
top quark. The electron and positron energy were 30 GeV. TRISTAN had three detectors: TOPAZ, VENUS and AMY. KEKB was built through the use of the tunnel of TRISTAN.
Running and future plans •
SuperKEKB: An electron-positron collider, consisting of a 7 GeV electron
storage ring and a 4 GeV positron
storage ring, to achieve higher
luminosity by means of increasing the beam current, focusing the beams at the
interaction point and making the electromagnetic beam-beam interactions small. The target luminosity has been set to 8×1035 cm−2 s−1, about 60 times higher than the KEKB's original design value. SuperKEKB has adopted a nano-beam scheme. KEK will build a new
damping ring in order to generate the nano scale positron beam. On October, 2010 the Japanese government formally approved the SuperKEKB project, and in June 2010 an initial budget of 100 million dollars (¥100 = $1) for a Very Advanced Research Support Program was assigned for 2010–2012. The total budget is about 315 million dollars (¥100 = $1) by the program. The upgrade will be completed, and the first collisions have been conducted in 2018. The highest luminosity will be achieved in 2021.
Belle II experiment will be conducted using
SuperKEKB. • Compact
Energy Recovery Linac (cERL): A test accelerator for a future
synchrotron light source named
Energy Recovery Linac (ERL). cERL will study the uncertainty of the
accelerator physics in the ERL through the beam experiments. The beam commissioning in cERL will be scheduled from 2013 with a 35 MeV electron beam. KEK has a plan that will build 5 GeV ERL, provides ultra-high brightness and ultra-short pulsed synchrotron light, after the cERL experiments. •
International Linear Collider (ILC): A future electron-positron linear collider consisting of superconducting cavities with a length of approximately 31 kilometers in length and two damping rings, for electrons and positrons, with a circumference of 6.7 kilometers. The electron and positron energy will be up to 500 GeV with an option to upgrade to 1 TeV. Nearly 300 laboratories and universities around the world are involved in the ILC: more than 700 people are working on the accelerator design, and another 900 people on detector development. The accelerator design work is coordinated by the Global Design Effort, and the physics and detector work by the World Wide Study. == Computers ==