Takeuchi's colleague Ikujiro Nonaka wrote an article
The Knowledge-Creating Company in the Harvard Business Review, 1991. It explored two types of knowledge, namely
tacit knowledge which is that learned by experience and communicated indirectly, and
explicit knowledge, which is that recorded in documentation, manuals and procedures. Nonaka wrote that Japanese companies viewed knowledge as primarily tacit but had mastered converting tacit to explicit and back again (the 'spiral of knowledge').
The Knowledge-Creating Company : How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation. The authors described the methods used in successful Japanese companies to create new knowledge and use it to produce successful products. They called this 'organizational knowledge creation' – an ability to 'create new knowledge, disseminate it throughout the organization and embody it in products, services and systems'. The book published by Oxford University Press was named as Best Book of the Year in Business and Management, 1996 by the
Association of American Publishers. ==Selected bibliography==