Hisham Kabbani

Shaykh Kabbani was born in Beirut, Lebanon. Upon the order of Shaykh Nazim, Shaykh Kabbani relocated to the United States in 1990. Shaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani was married to Hajjah Naziha Adil. Hajjah Naziha was the eldest child of Shaykh Muhammad Nazim Adil and Hajjah Amina bint Ayesha, a Shaykha and Islamic scholar who wrote extensively on lives of the prophets, and whose family escaped religious persecution in Tatarstan, Russia. Kabbani died in December 2024, at the age of 79. ==Activities==

Shaykh Hisham and Hajjah Naziha have directed various emergency disaster relief and humanitarian aid projects in Somalia, Indonesia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Turkey. Kabbani was also a member of the Elijah Interfaith Institute Board of World Religious Leaders. Shaykh Hisham Kabbani has held meetings with numerous world leaders and has been a key speaker at various conferences, such as the World Economic Forum. ==Fatwas==

In 2011. Shaykh Kabbani and Homayra Ziad, a professor of Islamic Studies at Trinity College, wrote a fatwa using Quranic exegesis, a review of Hadith, and linguistic analysis to determine that the Quran does not condone domestic violence. According to the authors of the fatwa, the broader message of the Qur'an is the promotion of harmony and affection between husband and wife so that they may develop amongst themselves a sacred bond of love and mercy. They also claim that it was the first modern and formal religious statements to clearly forbid domestic violence. Supporters claim that this fatwa helped encourage women's empowerment in Muslim communities by challenging cultural practices that allowed abuse. Shaykh Kabbani also wrote a fatwa on the principles of jihad, which was translated into Arabic and distributed by the US military in Iraq. ==Controversy and criticism==

In 1999, Shaykh Kabbani came into conflict with various Muslim groups including the Islamic Society of North America (ISNA), the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), and the Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA) after he stated that 80 percent of mosques are being run by "extremist ideologies". Shaykh Kabbani plunged into further controversy when he accused Muslims who advise the United States about Islam as being "extremists themselves". Shaykh Kabbani claimed the figure was based on his interviews with religious clerics, educators, community members and young Muslims in 114 mosques in the US over an eight-year period (1991–1999). Although the "80%" figure has been widely cited by public officials, and has been repeated by several other reports, a fact check by the Washington Post concluded the statistic has not been confirmed by a quantitative, peer-reviewed study or any other type of evidence. In his 1999 State Department speech, Shaykh Kabbani claimed that while the majority of Muslim Americans have been exposed to violent extremist ideologies, "not all of them agree with it." Later in the question and answer session he reiterated that the majority of the Muslim community which is "peace loving and tolerant" does not support extremism. In 2001 and 2002 Shaykh Kabbani was recognized as one of the few Muslim scholars at that time to have warned of the threat of violent extremism. In the April 2016 issue of Dabiq Magazine, Salafi-Wahhabi terrorist group Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant declared him a Murtad (apostate or blasphemer). ==Published works==