Community newspapers in Hollywood, California

In 1903, veteran publisher A.A. Bynon sold his interest in a newspaper called the Hollywood Sentinel to G.P. Sullivan, who became the paper's editor. The Sentinel received the Hollywood city contract for printing legal advertising in December 1903. In 1904 C.N. Whitaker, former editor of the Monrovia Messenger, bought the business, but on November 1 Morris & Ponay of Portland, Oregon, took it over. In 1905 Charles Mosteller of Los Angeles was the new owner of the Hollywood Sentinel. It was still being published in 1907 and 1909. In 1909 Mosteller, identified as the ''Sentinel's managing editor, said the newspaper would begin a daily edition in June, which would compete with the Hollywood Citizen''. It was explained that the legal advertising for the City of Hollywood (which was then independent from Los Angeles) had to be published in a daily newspaper, so both journals were switching from weekly to daily publication in order to bid on the contract. and that "The fight, which promises to be a hot one, will result in the city's printing being done at a greatly reduced figure, probably below cost, and in forcing the losing paper to the wall." "Cowley called at the Sentinel office to whip the editor and lost the battle," the Tacoma newspaper said. ==Inquirer==

The Hollywood Inquirer was owned and published by Herschel Spencer Lander until 1914, when he sold out and moved to Paradise Valley, California. Homer Fort, who had been editor of the Monrovia (California) Messenger, purchased the business from Jay E. Randall in 1915. D.B. Peck was also an editor and publisher of the newspaper. Mrs. Mary Clough Watson was its first editor. Harry Elliot was the newspaper's editor in June 1916 and Martin Luther Helpman in 1917. O.M. Donaldson bought the Inquirer in 1918 from Douglas Edwards and changed the style, format and name "to conform with the ideals that had proven highly successful under his direction at Oak Park, Illinois." He sold the Inquirer around 1926 to Holly Leaves, Inc. (F.H. Hartwell, president). == Citizen and News ==

Titles and dates • 1905-1921 (SN 92061588) Hollywood Citizen • 1921-1931 (SN 95061523) Hollywood Daily Citizen • 1931-1944 (SN 90051954) Hollywood Citizen-News • 1944-1945 (SN 99060913) Citizen-News • 1945-1948 (SN 99060914) Hollywood Citizen-News • 1948-1968 (SN 87062115) Citizen-News • 1968-1970 (SN 95061031) Hollywood Citizen News Citizen (1905–1931) The Hollywood Weekly Sentinel preceded the Hollywood Citizen. The Los Angeles Times said that "its neat appearance caused much favorable comment." It was established by Ezekial Dunton Taylor (1842–1917), a veteran newspaperman originally from Ohio, who came to Los Angeles in 1902, and his son-in-law, W.C. Parcher. Taylor was editor until 1910, when he moved to the Owens Valley Herald. In 1911, Harlan G. Palmer, Sr., began publishing the Hollywood Citizen and was editor in 1917. News Ira C. Copley of Aurora, Illinois, purchased the Hollywood News and the Glendale Daily Press from Frederick William Kellogg of Kellogg Newspapers, Inc. (Pasadena Evening Post) and his son, William Scripps Kellogg, effective February 15, 1928. He also bought the Alhambra Post-Advocate, Pasadena Evening Post, Monrovia Evening Post, Eagle Rock Daily Press, Burbank Daily Press, San Fernando Valley News, Sawtelle Evening Tribune, Santa Monica Evening Outlook, Venice Evening Vanguard, Culver City Star-News, Redondo Daily Breeze, Hermosa Daily Breeze and the San Pedro Daily News, effective September 1, 1928. Under Palmer, the newspaper had a liberal editorial voice and its staff were granted editorial autonomy and expected to adhere to standard journalistic ethics. Palmer Merger Judge Harlan G. Palmer, the owner of the Hollywood Citizen since 1911, purchased the Hollywood News from Ira Copley in 1931 and combined the two papers under the name Citizen-News. The first issue appeared on Monday, November 2, 1931, published from the News building. The combined circulation was expected to reach "more than 30,000," it was said. The Citizen circulation was given as 20,000 and the News as "over 20,000." Harlan G. Palmer, Sr. owned and published its successor, the Hollywood Citizen News from the 1931 until 1956. took over as publisher of the Hollywood Citizen News, until it was sold in the 1960s, remaining an active publication until 1971. Managing editor Harold Swisher said other workers were being hired and that production employees were on the job as usual. Publisher Harlan G. Palmer discharged three of the Guild members while negotiations were going on. A Superior Court judge issued a temporary restraining order against the union prohibiting it from picketing 166 companies that continued their advertising in the struck newspaper. The order against this secondary picketing was later made permanent. The union took the matter to the National Labor Relations Board Superior Judge Emmet Wilson, however, ruled that six guild members he had cited for contempt of court must stand trial. The union lost an appeal to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals which had been asked to rule on its claim, among others, that the company had violated labor law when it denied bylines to some employees who had been involved in the strike. The court held that it was within the right of the employer to make such a decision for business reasons. Heyler ownership Palmer died on July 25, 1956, and the publishership of the company was taken over by his son, Harlan G. Palmer Jr., who in 1961 sold it to David B. Heyler, owner of the Beverly Hills Citizen. In January 1962, Heyler announced that the Citizen-News would have separate editions for three districts of the Los Angeles area: (1) Hollywood and the metropolitan area, (2) Beverly Hills west to Santa Monica, and (3) the San Fernando Valley. Copeland ownership In July 1964 Lammot du Pont Copeland Jr., owner of the Valley Times in the San Fernando Valley, purchased the stock of the Citizen-News, including twenty-seven weeklies operated in the Los Angeles area. A spokesman said it was the largest community-newspaper group in the United States. Copeland appointed Richard M. Horton as publisher. The Los Angeles Times identified him as "a federal parolee with a long felony record and no previous newspaper experience." He had served time for a "real estate swindle in San Francisco and, later, parole violation." The St. Louis Post-Dispatch said that Copeland acquired the Los Angeles newspapers "apparently as a forum for his ultra-conservative views." It said that revenues of the 27 weeklies in the Los Angeles group had fallen from $9 million a year to $5 million. Revenues were going to another group of weeklies that Copeland owned in Northern California, and he was paying himself a "consulting fee" of $13,000 a month. The Citizen-News was merged with the Valley Times, which ceased publishing under its own name in spring 1969. and attempted to gain readers by switching its editorial policy from conservative to liberal. The company went into receivership that month and was adjudged bankrupt on October 29, 1970. Copeland filed a petition for personal bankruptcy in October 1970. It was the largest such action ever filed in the United States. The final edition of the newspaper, with a black-bordered front page, was published on Friday, August 28, 1970. It had 321 employees, including 40 on the editorial staff. They had been working without pay in order to save the newspaper. The end meant there were only two daily newspapers published within the Los Angeles city limits, other than trade papers for the motion picture industry. Office locations The Citizen office was at 108 West Prospect Avenue in 1906 and at 1640 Cahuenga Avenue in 1912. The print shop was at 6426 Hollywood Boulevard in 1919. The Palmer Building Corporation in 1921 was erecting a three-story structure at the corner of Hollywood Boulevard and Cosmo Street for a new plant, at an investment of $250,000. It was to be completed on December 1 of that year. In 1930 a three-story art deco building designed by architect Francis D. Rutherford was built for Copley's Hollywood News at 1545 Wilcox Avenue, between Hollywood and Sunset boulevards. It was opened on Wednesday, July 1, 1931, with a tour and reception featuring "public officials and film players." The offices were said to be "equipped with automatic Associated Press electric typewriters, financial tape machines, [and] teletypes for the City News Service." Other amenities were Goss multiple-unit press with a capacity of 72,000 sixteen-page papers an hour, the latest in stereotyping, composing, engraving and photographic appurtenances, north-facing skylights, shower baths, lounges and sound-absorbing desks. Walls and ceilings have been made soundproof and floors insulated with a rubber-and-cork composition. Notable employees • John Ducey, ice hockey writer • Homer D. King, managing editor • Morton Thompson, writer ==References==