Chongqing is a major city with diverse landscapes and culture. The original eight views were not able to present all popular scenic views in Chongqing. Therefore, the number of views in the list was later expanded from eight to twelve. The traditional twelve views of Chongqing was proposed in 1760 by
Wang Erjian (), a county-level governor of Chongqing during the reign of
Qianlong Emperor in the
Qing dynasty. In the new list, three of former eight views were removed due to various reasons, and several other views in and around Chongqing were added. The twelve views in Wang's list are: • Jin Bi Liu Xiang (): The same view as Jin Bi Xiang Feng in the original list of eight views. See previous section. • Huang Ge Wan Du (): See previous section. • Tong Jing Xia Yuan (): Tongjing Valley is a series of river valleys in
Yubei District, about 65 kilometers away from the downtown Chongqing. Yulin River and Wentang River cut through mountains and form several deep valleys. Since the
Qing dynasty, Tongjing Valley has been known for large numbers of monkeys living in that area. Currently, it is also known for
hot springs. • Ge Le Ling Yin ():
Geleshan is a mountain range in today's
Shapingba District. Currently, this mountain is known for the
Red Rock Village, a historic memorial site of
Chinese Communist Party. However, during the
Qing dynasty, this place was known for the heavenly sound on top of the mountain. The heavenly sound was created by wind blowing through forests in the valley. It made people happy and relaxed. • Yun Zhuan Feng Qing (): Yunzhuan Mountain is about 8 kilometers away from in today's
Ba'nan District. Yunzhuan Temple, constructed in the 7th year of
Chenghua Emperor's reign during the
Ming dynasty (1473), was a famous temple in this mountain. Chongqing is considered as one of the
stove cities of China, where the temperature in summer is very high. However, people can always feel the cool breeze in Yunzhuan Temple due to its high altitude. Unfortunately, the temple was destroyed during the
Cultural Revolution period (1966 - 1976). • Hong Ya Di Cui (): The same view as Hong Yan Di Cui in the original list of eight views. See previous section. • Hai Tang Yan Yu (): Haitang Creek is a minor tributary river of
Yangtze River in
Nan'an District. Originated in the
South Mountain, Haitang Creek runs for about 30 miles and flows into the Yangtze. Before modern era, wild
haitang flowers were clustered along the creek. During the
Tang dynasty, a female poet
Xue Tao travelled to Chongqing and visited Haitang Creek in a rainy spring day. She saw the beautiful scene of haitang flowers blooming in misty rain, and then wrote a poem called
Haitang Creek, which later made this scene popular. Today, there are no clustered haitang flowers along the creek any more, but a portion of the scene is preserved in
Nanbin Park. • Zi Shui Xiao Deng (): This view is in
Yangtze River. Near the southern bank, the water of Yangtze flows over a series of rocks and reefs. Disturbed by those rocks, river water flows in a pattern that looks like the Chinese character
Ba (), which is one of Chongqing's former names in ancient time. People was able to see this stream pattern from the southern bank. In the distance, the lamps and street lights of the northern bank are inverted in the river, and light up the character
Ba. The water stream pattern was weakened after the construction of
Three Gorges Dam which lifted the water level and slowed down the stream speed of Yangtze River in Chongqing However, the relic of this view is still preserved in
Nanbin Park. • Hua Ying Xue Ji ():
Huaying Mountain is a major mountain range in eastern edge of
Sichuan Basin. Chongqing is located in the range and valley province of Huaying Mountain. Chongqing's
latitude is about 30 degrees north and it is hard to see snow in downtown Chongqing. However, snow views were available in Huaying Mountain where the elevation is high. Therefore, the rare snow view of Huaying Mountain was listed as one of twelve views of Chongqing. • Jin Ling Yun Xia (): Jinyun Mountain is located in today's
Beibei District. It is one of major
anticline ranges embracing downtown Chongqing. Wang Erjian, the person who proposed this list of views, mentioned in his letter that he liked the evening view of the nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain, when those peaks were colored in rosy by the setting sun and the sunset glow. • Long Men Hao Yue (): See previous section. • Fo Tu Ye Yu (): See previous section. ==1989 List of Twelve Views ==