Hook turns have been implemented in a number of jurisdictions, including
Australia,
China,
Denmark,
Germany,
Japan, the
Netherlands,
New Zealand,
Taiwan, and the
United States.
Australia The
Australian Road Rules set out the procedure for performing a hook turn in
Australia, as well as other jurisdictions with
left-hand traffic. In jurisdictions with right-hand traffic the lane of the turning vehicle is reversed.
Canada Toronto and Montreal have bicycle facilities that allow cyclists to perform perimeter-style turns, as such turns are known in Canada. File:Bicycle hook turn.jpg|perimeter-style turn for bicycles in
Toronto, Canada File:Montreal bicycle hook turn.jpg|Bicycle perimeter-style turn in Montreal
Denmark In Denmark, a hook turn is mandatory for cyclists. Denmark drives on the right and cyclists wishing to make a left turn must first proceed through the intersection to the opposite side of the perpendicular street, then make the turn from the new destination. To avoid conflicts with cars turning right, a cyclist wishing to make a left turn is - if a car lane is expressly marked as "right turn only" allowed to place himself on the left side of that lane.
Taiwan Motor scooters and motorcycles under 250cc are generally not permitted to turn left from the left lane in Taiwan, with hook turns required at most intersections. The first hook turn requirement for motorcycles began in
Taipei in 1985. However, as motorcycle riders were found to frequently enter the
zebra crossing when performing hook turn maneuvers, the
Ministry of Transportation and Communications announced on 21 April 2023 that it would partially phase out hook turn regulations.
Tainan City ended hook turn requirements at several intersections as part of a six-month trial program in October 2023, and will end hook turn regulations citywide by the end of 2025.
Changhua County started gradually ending hook turn regulations in November 2024. File:Scene at the intersection of Huizhong Rd. and Taiwan Blvd.jpg|Hook turn sign in
Taichung, Taiwan. Note the motorcycles at the end of the intersection File:Scooters performing a hook turn in Kaohsiung.jpg|Scooters waiting for the traffic signal within a dedicated hook turn zone marked as a white rectangle, in
Kaohsiung United Kingdom Two-stage turn arrangements enable cyclists to turn right (across oncoming traffic) without needing to move to the centre of the carriageway. A two-stage turn is considered acceptable in LTN 1/20, England and Northern Ireland's cycle infrastructure design guide, and in Scotland's Cycling by Design guidance. A blue (informatory) sign can be placed to advise cyclists a two-stage turn is possible, and appropriate markings in front of the nearside approach lane. Furthermore, with authorisation by national governments, signs can be added to traffic lights to ban right turns for cyclists, unless completed in two stages. == Benefits ==