Following the
Battle of Mohács, the
Kingdom of Hungary became divided between the
Ottoman Empire encroaching from the East and the
Habsburg monarchy which had inherited the title of
King of Hungary. The
Ottoman vassal John I of Hungary died in 1540, and
his son John II, who was at that time a
minor, was crowned king under the
regency of his mother
Isabella Jagiellon and
bishop George Martinuzzi. This was accepted by the Ottoman ruler
Suleiman the Magnificent under the condition that the Hungarians would continue to pay tribute to the
Ottoman Sultan. The new king was however not accepted by the
Habsburgs.
Ferdinand I, Austrian Archduke and a Habsburg, sent an army of 50,000 composed of troops from
Austria,
German Principalities,
Bohemia, and
Habsburg Hungary and commanded by
Wilhelm von Roggendorf to besiege Buda. The army besieged Buda in Summer 1541. The siege was badly managed and several attacks failed with very high numbers of casualties on the Habsburg side.
Suleiman the Magnificent took personal command of an Ottoman relief army which included 6,362
Janissaries. On 21 August, the Ottoman relief army reached
Buda and engaged in battle with Roggendorf's army. The Habsburg army was defeated and 20,000 men were slaughtered or drowned in the river. Roggendorf was also wounded in the battle and died 2 days after of his injuries. The
Ottomans then occupied the city, which in its turn was celebrating the liberation, with a trick:
Suleiman the Magnificent invited the infant
John II Sigismund Zápolya with the Hungarian noblemen into his tent, meanwhile the Turkish troops began to slowly infiltrate into the fort as "tourists" seemingly in admiration of the architecture of the buildings. However, at a sudden alert they wielded their weapons and disarmed the guards and the whole garrison thereafter. At the same time, the Hungarian noblemen felt uncomfortable in the sultan's tent and wanted to leave. In that moment, on the outcry of the sultan "The black soup (coffee) is still to come!" () the Turkish soldiers disarmed the Hungarian envoy. All of them were allowed to leave with one exception:
Bálint Török, whom Suleyman considered a possible powerful opponent. He was taken into captivity and was transferred to
Yedikule Fortress, where he spent his remaining life. The Royal Court, the noblemen, and citizens of Buda were allowed to leave the city with their possessions unharmed. == Aftermath ==