In 735, Charles Martel led an expedition into Aquitaine. He marched the breadth of the country and occupied the well-fortified city of
Bordeaux. He is not recorded as having met any resistance. The purpose of this expedition seems to have been to take advantage of the death of Odo to alter the constitutional status of Aquitaine in the Frankish kingdom by forcing Hunald to recognise his lordship and to remit taxes (
munera) to the royal government. The show of force worked. The
Annales Mettenses priores record that Charles gave the duchy (
ducatus) of Aquitaine to Hunald and made him and his brother Hatto give a "promise of faith" (
promissio fidei) to him and his sons,
Carloman I and
Pippin III, and promise to remit taxes. Following this success, Charles did not retain Bordeaux or any other part of Aquitaine, including those that had been added to it by Odo. The
Vita Pardulfi, the late 8th-century life of
Pardulf (died 737), records that Hunald succeeded his father as
princeps, a term with royal connotations, and later served Charles as
legatus. Despite their promise of faith, Hunald and Hatto rebelled against Charles in 736. After considerable fighting, Hatto was captured by Charles's forces and handed over to
Ainmar,
bishop of Auxerre. Hatto subsequently escaped from prison, and Charles deposed Ainmar and had him imprisoned. He was later killed attempting to escape from prison. Hatto was betrayed by his own brother. Hunald invited him to a meeting at
Poitiers, where he blinded him and imprisoned him in a monastery. The betrayal of Hatto was probably the price exacted by Charles in exchange for allowing Hunald to keep his duchy. The peace between Hunald and Charles seems to have persisted until Charles's death in 741, although there is some evidence of low-level conflict. In 736–39, Charles Martel and his brother,
Childebrand I, led several expeditions against the
Umayyad forces occupying parts of
Septimania and
Provence. The
Annals of Aniane, writing about a later date, record that Hunald's son Waiofar harassed the forces of Charles's son Pippin the Short during the latter's
siege of Narbonne in 752–59 "as his father had done Charles Martel", implying that Hunald had harassed Charles's forces during the southern campaigns of 736–39. Despite achieving a crushing victory over the Umayyads at the
battle of the River Berre in 737, Charles never besieged Narbonne, possibly because Hunald was threatening his lines of communication. ==Rebellion of 742==