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Hwasong-11D

The Hwasong-11D is a North Korean single-stage, solid-fueled tactical ballistic missile. First revealed in April 2022 with a flight test, Hwasong-11D is the smaller version of Hwasong-11A (KN-23), with a smaller size and a shorter range. Hwasong-11D is reported to be entered mass production.

Description
Missile Hwasong-11D is the smaller variant of Hwasong-11A, with the missile being estimated to be long, wide and has a launch mass of nearly . While Hwasong-11D is claimed to be the smallest short-range ballistic missile of North Korea, as well as the improvement of frontline long-range artillery units's firepower. Hwasong-11D follows a near-ballistic trajectory, with approximately apogee. This low apogee, combined with its short flight time and terminal maneuverability, makes it difficult for traditional missile defense systems to detect and intercept. Moreover, the missile’s improved accuracy reduces the number of missiles required to attack the target. Also, Hwasong-11D can have better survivability against missile defenses if the missile is equipped with smaller and lighter tactical nuclear warheads while retaining the Hwasong-11A's maneuverability, thus allowing it to threaten shorter range targets. Assuming a weight of , it is possible that Hwasong-11D can be carried by Korean People's Army Air Force's Harbin H-5/Ilyushin Il-28 after necessary modifications. According to German analyst Norbert Brügge, Hwasong-11D is a derivative from KN-25 and Hwasong-11/OTR-21 Tochka. He evaluates the missile to be a type of multiple rocket launcher, despite North Korean official claim of tactical ballistic missile. Launcher Basic type According to North Korea, the Hwasong-11D missile system, including the launcher, was personally designed by Kim Jong Un as a "new pivotal attack weapon" of North Korean forces. The basic-type TEL is a 3-axle truck, It is estimated to be long and wide. Each basic-type launcher can deploy up to four Hwasong-11D missiles. A HIMARS-like vehicle, it has two modules, each of which can carry a single Hwasong-11D missile, or multiple launch rockets of 122 mm and 240 mm diameters. Naming North Korean state media refers to Hwasong-11D as Hwasongpho-11 Ra (). The Korean Central News Agency first mentioned Hwasong-11D directly in April 2026, The official designation can also be romanized as Hwasong-11Ra, Hwasong-11La or Hwasongpho-11D. However, in its earlier launches, occurred between 2022 and 2024, the Hwasong-11D was called "tactical guided weapon" and later, "tactical ballistic missile", instead of its official designation. ==History==
History
Hwasong-11D made its public debut on 16 April 2022 with a flight test. Between these test-fires, North Korea displayed Hwasong-11D during a military parade on 8 February 2023. It was reported at the third test launch of Hwasong-11D that the missile had already received an undisclosed official designation. In late-March 2023, the official name of Hwasong-11D was confirmed in the Korean Central News Agency's report on the new Hwasan-31 nuclear warhead, although a partial and blurred name was only displayed. A further test of Hwasong-11D occurred on 19 April 2026, resulting in the publication of the official designation by the Korean Central News Agency. ==List of tests==
List of tests
According to the International Institute for Strategic Studies, between 2022 and 2024, North Korea conducted at least nine test launches of Hwasong-11D. ==Operational use==
Operational use
Mass production of launchers According to NK News, a factory in Pyongsong is one of the facilities assembling Hwasong-11D launchers, with the production activities of TELs starting from at least November 2023. A total number of at least 154 Hwasong-11D launchers were spotted by North Korean state media in the two reports published in January and May 2024. Four months later, images from a similar state media report indicated around 99 Hwasong-11D launchers being inspected by Kim Jong Un during a visit to another unnamed factory on 14 May 2024. Deployment In 2023, North Korea replaced Hwasong-6 (Scud-C) operation with the deployment of Hwasong-11D at the Majang-ri missile base, according to Decker Eveleth's analysis for NK News in August 2024. North Korea held a ceremony to send 250 Hwasong-11D launchers to the frontline military units at the Inter-Korean border on 4 August 2024. The ceremony took place in Pyongyang and was attended by Kim Jong Un. ==See also==
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