On November 30, 2009, President
Barack Obama announced his intent to nominate Kelly to be U.S. Representative to the
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, with the rank of Ambassador. His nomination was presented to the Senate by U.S. Senator
Benjamin L. Cardin (D-MD), Chairman of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (
U.S. Helsinki Commission), who praised Kelly's deep experience serving throughout the former Soviet Union, and emphasized the critical role of the OSCE in the current geopolitical climate. Kelly was confirmed by the Senate on March 10, 2010, by a voice vote with bipartisan support. Kelly's tenure as Ambassador coincided with several major geopolitical events for OSCE countries, including pro-democracy protests in Russia, a controversial constitutional amendment in
Kazakhstan extending the tenure of President
Nursultan Nazarbayev through 2020, and ethnic riots in Kyrgyzstan in 2010. In 2012–2013, Kelly was the U.S. Co-chair of the OSCE Minsk Group, the diplomatic mechanism set up to resolve the conflict in the disputed
Nagorno-Karabakh region. Kelly was replaced by
Daniel Baer on September 10, 2013. President Obama nominated Kelly to succeed
Richard Norland as the U.S. ambassador to Georgia on March 12, 2015. He was confirmed by the Senate on June 25, 2015, and sworn in on September 11, 2015. He retired both as ambassador and from the foreign service in March 2018. == Academic career ==