National IP policies express the intent of a country to use the intellectual property system in a defined manner to achieve a stated goal. National IP strategies are measures taken by a
government to realize its IP policy objectives. Many IP-related policies and strategies promote
research and
innovation and encourage the transfer and
dissemination of technology.
Institutional IP policies are policies established by
universities or
research institutions to address IP issues typically encountered during collaboration with external parties and the commercialization of academic research. An institutional IP policy must comply with all relevant national policies and strategies. There will be circumstances where national laws limit how individual universities and research institutions can deal with IP rights or share benefits. Subject to those limitations, each institution may regulate the principles of ownership of IP rights through its internal IP policy, employment contracts and other contractual arrangements.
Companies IP policies are policies put in place by a company to provide general guidance related to the importance of identifying internal IP, managing the disclosure of IP to customers, suppliers, or other third parties, summarizing the goals of IP ownership, outlining typical terms for interacting with strategic partners etc. == IP policies for universities and research institutions ==