The IPSS-M uses "prognostic indicators" to develop a "score" which may be useful in understanding how the MDS may progress: :* the proportion of
blast cells in the bone marrow :* the type of
chromosomal changes, if any, in the
marrow cells :* the presence of one or more low blood cell counts (
cytopenias), namely
hemoglobin,
platelets, or
absolute neutrophil count (ANC) :* the presence of mutations in any of 16 main effect genes :* the presence of mutations in any of 15 residual genes Each indicator is rated according to its severity and the ratings are combined into a "score". Scores are sorted into one of six risk categories: :* very low :* low :* moderate-low :* moderate-high :* high :* very high IPSS-M determined that multihit
TP53 mutations,
FLT3 mutations, and partial tandem duplication mutations of
KMT2A (MLL) were strong predictors of adverse outcomes. Some
SF3B1 mutations were associated with favorable outcomes, whereas certain genetic subsets of SF3B1 mutations were not. A web-based calculator is available at https://www.mds-foundation.org/mds-iwg-pm/ ==References==