In 1974, with the knowledge and assistance of US agencies, advanced
radar-controlled
anti-aircraft systems were shipped to
South Africa. South Africa, together with ISC, also developed a sophisticated
ground-to-air missile for its own use and for export. All this equipment was restricted US technology requiring export licenses, which were not obtained. James Guerin claimed the company's activities were sanctioned by the US government. Guerin set up a front company with the South African authorities for the US
National Security Agency, as part of a US
covert operation in 1974. This involved shipping advanced electronic sensors, optics and related equipment to South Africa without licenses so as to set up listening posts to track Soviet submarines off the
Cape of Good Hope. The company,
Gamma Systems Associates, ordered restricted equipment from ISC, then shipped it on to South Africa on board airliners. The equipment was repackaged and the airline companies given false descriptions of the equipment. The operation ceased to have official sanction in 1977 and the activities were dismantled. From 1984 to 1988, ISC sent
South Africa more than $30 million in military-related equipment, including telemetry tracking antennae to collect data from missiles in flight, gyroscopes for guidance systems, and photo-imaging film readers, all of which would form the "backbone" of a medium-range missile system. Some of this technology was reportedly transferred to
Iraq. Another link to Iraq was the supply of the specifications for the
Mk 20 Rockeye II cluster bomb through Chilean defense company
Cardoen Industries, which was able to build an almost identical weapon that was subsequently used against coalition forces in the Persian Gulf War of January–February 1991. These activities allegedly happened with the knowledge and assistance of U.S. intelligence agencies (including the CIA) and in violation of United States and
United Nations sanctions. == Acquisition and collapse ==