Early activities Born in
Chereluș (Kerülős),
Arad County, in the
Crișana region, he trained as a
wheelwright and settled in
Arad, where he became active in
socialist circles. In 1901, he joined the
Social Democratic Party of Hungary, and began contributing to its press in
Hungary; with
Iosif Jumanca and
Tiron Albani, he led the Party's
ethnic Romanian wing. The latter eventually reformed itself as the
Social Democratic Party of Transylvania and Banat. At the time, Flueraș unsuccessfully ran in elections for the
Hungarian diet. Between 1906 and 1914, he was editor-in-chief of
Adevărul (the party newspaper), until it was closed down by Hungarian authorities. Living in
Budapest, Flueraș was
conscripted after the outbreak of
World War I, and worked for the
Austro-Hungarian Air Service in a factory on
Csepel Island. The CNRC was instrumental in convoking the
Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia of December 1, 1918, one which declared Transylvania's secession from the Hungarian Republic, and its will to join with Romania; Flueraș was the Assembly's vice president, and subsequently served as Chief of Department of
Social Security and
Hygiene in the Directory Council (the
de facto government of the region, led by
Iuliu Maniu). Among the other Social Democrats in the council were Jumanca, Albani, and
Enea Grapini. On the very day of the Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia, he was elected general secretary of the Social Democratic Party of Transylvania and Banat. Later in the same month, after a
strike was worker's rally broken up in
Bucharest and the newly created
Socialist Party of Romania (PS) repressed, Flueraș and Jumanca, urged by
Constantin Titel Petrescu, met with
King Ferdinand I and
Premier Ion I. C. Brătianu, persuading them to grant concessions to the
labor movement. In 1920, he was one of Romania's envoys to the
Paris Peace Conference. Alongside
Gheorghe Cristescu,
Alexandru Dobrogeanu-Gherea and others, Flueraș was a delegate to the Second Congress of the
Comintern in
Moscow, where the matter of the PSR's joining of the international body and its support of
Bolshevik lines were debated. The Transylvanian delegates and, as a former member of the Directory Council, Flueraș first and foremost, were the target of
Nikolai Bukharin and
Christian Rakovsky's attacks, given that they supported a
Greater Romania in front of Bolshevik principles; upon their return, Flueraș,
Gheorghe Popovici, and others were expelled from the PS (despite Cristescu's reserves) — the remaining group reformed itself as the
Romanian Communist Party (PCR). After the reestablishment of the
Romanian Social Democratic Party (PSD) as a socialist group opposed to the PCR, Flueraș served several terms as a party representative to the
Chamber of Deputies of Romania. When the
authoritarian regime of
King Carol II was imposed in 1938, he supported the change and remained active in the
guilds established by the new
corporatist structure of the
National Renaissance Front (as a member of the Upper Economic Council and the
Senate). A potential target of
Iron Guard reprisals during the
National Legionary State, Flueraș survived the
Legionnaires' Rebellion, and, upon the Guard's defeat, sent a congratulatory telegram to
Conducător Ion Antonescu. He retreated from public life for the rest of
World War II. It was dissolved in September 1946. tried for "having collaborated with a
fascist regime", Juberian was sentenced to death and executed in 1954 for the crime, while Rek was sentenced to 12 years in prison. ==Notes==