Beagle Channel

Although it is navigable by large ships, there are safer waters to the south (Drake Passage) and to the north (Strait of Magellan). Under the Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina, ships of other nations navigate with a Chilean pilot between the Strait of Magellan and Ushuaia through the Magdalena Channel and the Cockburn Channel to the Pacific Ocean, then by the Ballenero Channel, the O'Brien Channel and the northwest branch of the Beagle Channel. ==Islands==

The Beagle Channel is between islands covering a much larger area; to the north lies Argentine-Chilean Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, to the south Hoste, Navarino, and Picton and Nueva, which were claimed by Argentina until 1984. The latter two lie at the bi-national eastern entrance to the channel while the western entrance is wholly inside Chile. The western entrance of Beagle Channel is divided by Gordon Island into two channels. Some minor islands exist inside the channel among them Snipe Islet and Gable Island. Except for eastern Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego and Gable Island all islands mentioned here belong to Chile. ==History==

The Yaghan peoples settled the islands along the Murray Channel, which connects to the southern side of the Beagle Channel, approximately 10,000 years before present. There are notable archaeological sites indicating such early Yaghan settlement at locations such as Bahia Wulaia on Isla Navarino, site of the Bahia Wulaia Dome Middens. Mythology According to a Selkʼnam myth, the channel was created alongside the Strait of Magellan and Fagnano Lake in places where slingshots fell on earth during Taiyín's fight with a witch who was said to have "retained the waters and the foods". Naming and Darwin visit The channel was named after the ship HMS Beagle during its first hydrographic survey of the coasts of the southern part of South America which lasted from 1826 to 1830. During that expedition, under the overall command of Commander Phillip Parker King, the Beagle captain Pringle Stokes committed suicide and was replaced by captain Robert FitzRoy. The ship continued the survey in the second voyage of Beagle under the command of captain FitzRoy, who took Charles Darwin along as a self-funding supernumerary, giving him opportunities as an amateur naturalist. Darwin had his first sight of glaciers when they reached the channel on 29 January 1833, and wrote in his field notebook "It is scarcely possible to imagine anything more beautiful than the beryl-like blue of these glaciers, and especially as contrasted with the dead white of the upper expanse of snow." Beagle conflict Several small islands (Picton, Lennox and Nueva) up to the Cape Horn were the subject of the long-running Beagle conflict between Chile and Argentina. From the 1950s to 1970s several incidents involving the Chilean and Argentine navies occurred in the waters of the Beagle Channel, for example the 1958 Snipe incident, the 1967 Cruz del Sur incident and the shelling of Quidora the same year. See List of incidents during the Beagle conflict. By the terms of a Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina the islands are now part of Chile. The German painter Ingo Kühl traveled three times to the Beagle Channel, where he created paintings on board a sailing yacht. File:HMS Beagle by Conrad Martens.jpg|HMS Beagle at Ponsonby Sound in the Beagle Channel, by the ship's artist Conrad Martens. File: Ingo Kühl "Gletscher (Beagle Kanal)" 2005.jpg |Glacier (Beagle Channel), painted by Ingo Kühl (2005). ==Fauna==

Beagle Channel is a prominent area to watch rare species of dolphins. Wildlife seen in the channel include: Mammals: • South American sea lion • South American fur seal • Peale's dolphin (endemic to Patagonia) • Dusky dolphin • Commerson's dolphin • Risso's dolphin • Burmeister's porpoise • spectacled porpoise Birds: • Magellanic penguin • southern rockhopper penguin • upland goose • kelp goose • crested duck • great grebe • flying steamerduck • flightless steamerduck • black-faced ibis • black-crowned night-heron • imperial shag • rock shag • Neotropic cormorant • black-chested buzzard-eagle • turkey vulture • Andean condor • crested caracara • chimango caracara • white-throated caracara • striated caracara • Magellanic oystercatcher • blackish oystercatcher • southern lapwing • rufous-chested plover • Baird's sandpiper • white-rumped sandpiper • brown-hooded gull • dolphin gull • South American tern • kelp gull • Chilean skua • Magellanic diving-petrel • common diving-petrel ==Gallery==

Image:beagle-canal-panorama.jpg|Beagle Channel seen from above Puerto Williams Image:Beagle Channel - La Isla de Los Lobos.jpg|Sea Lions Island or La Isla de Los Lobos Image:BeagleChannelGlacier.jpg|Romanche Glacier on the north shore of the channel Image:Beagle-Kanal Ushuaia.JPG|Beagle Channel, January 2006 Image:Farofindelmundo2.JPG| View of The Lighthouse Les Eclaireurs called End of the World near Ushuaia on the north shore of the channel ==See also==