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It Conquered the World

It Conquered the World is an independently made 1956 American science fiction film produced and directed by Roger Corman, and starring Peter Graves, Lee Van Cleef, Beverly Garland, and Sally Fraser. Shot in black-and-white, It Conquered the World was released theatrically by American International Pictures (AIP) as a double feature with The She-Creature.

Plot
Dr. Tom Anderson, an embittered scientist, has made contact with a Venusian creature, while using his radio transmitter. The alien's secret plan is to take complete control of the Earth by enslaving humanity using mind control devices; the alien claims that it merely desires to bring peace to the world by eliminating all emotions. Anderson agrees to help the creature and even intends to allow it to assimilate his wife Claire and friend Dr. Paul Nelson. The Venusian disrupts all electric power on Earth, including motor vehicles, leaving Dr. Nelson to resort to riding a bicycle. After avoiding a flying bat-like creature which carries the mind control device, Dr. Nelson returns home to find his wife, Joan, newly assimilated. She attempts to force his own assimilation using another bat-creature in her possession, and he is forced to kill her in self-defense. By then, the only people who are still free from the Venusian's influence are Nelson, Anderson, Anderson's wife Claire and a group of army soldiers stationed in the nearby woods. Nelson finally persuades the paranoid Anderson that he has made a horrible mistake in blindly trusting the Venusian's motives, allying himself with a creature bent on world domination. When they discover that Tom's wife Claire has taken a rifle to the alien's cave in order to kill it, they hurriedly follow her, but the creature kills her before they can rescue her. Seeing the loss of everything he holds dear, Dr. Anderson viciously attacks the Venusian by holding a blowtorch to the creature's face; Anderson dies at the alien's hand as it expires. Arriving on the scene too late to save his friend, Nelson sadly reflects on how Anderson's misguided ideals led to death and devastation, and muses that a solution to humanity's problems must ultimately be achieved by humanity itself. ==Cast==
Production
Development The film was inspired by the box office success of Day the World Ended, also directed by Corman. It was written by Lou Rusoff (Sam Arkoff's brother-in-law), but before being completed, Rusoff's brother died and he had to leave for Canada. Corman then called in Charles Griffith to do a final rewrite, two days before filming began. Griffith does have a small part as a scientist. Griffith said Rusoff's script "was incomprehensible which was strange because he was quite meticulous. Lou's brother was dying at the time which most likely had something to do with it." Griffith said he "wrote streams of dialogue. The picture was terrible." Peter Graves' casting was announced in March 1956. Beverly Garland's casting was announced shortly afterwards. Shooting Filming began on April 3, 1956. The design of the creature was Paul Blaisdell's idea, and he thought that coming from a big planet, It would have evolved to deal with heavy gravity and would therefore be low to the ground. Corman later admitted this was a mistake, saying the creature would have been more frightening had It been larger or taller. When Beverly Garland first saw the creature, she commented "That conquered the world?" and claimed she kicked It over (unlikely, since Blaisdell said in an interview that it took three men to turn the prop onto its side for the film's death scene finale). Paul Blaisdell, who made the creature, researched Venus and "came to the conclusion that if it would have any life — it would be vegetable. In trying to make it look as far removed from anything resembling animal-like, I whipped up a nightmarish creation resembling a pear-shaped, cucumber- like creature, with two mobile, branch- like arms." He created the monster with rubber skin over a wooden frame, latex antenna and carved pine teeth. Flashlights were used to make the eyes glow. Originally the claws worked, but they were damaged on the first day of shooting. When Blaisdell unveiled the costume to the film's producer James Nicholson, Nicholson happily exclaimed "Paul, you've done it again!" The creature was mounted on wheels. Blaisdell would crouch inside to enable the creature to move. "Originally, the creature was supposed to be in a dark cave all the time so an air of mystery would surround it," said Blaisdell. "But Roger decided it would be more effective if the creature would make a defiant appearance outside its hiding place and be destroyed by a charge of bayonet-armed soldiers. He also wanted the creature to appear dead in the film's finale by having it lying on its side!" Griffith said he called the creature prop "Denny Dimwit and somebody else called It an ice-cream cone. I was around when Paul Blaisdell was building it, and he thought the camera would make it look bigger." Blaisdell himself referred to it as "Beulah" during production. A good portion of Beulah disintegrated due to the shoddy care taken to store it, and whatever was left of it was destroyed in the fire-scene finale of AIP's 1958 film How to Make a Monster. ==Release history==
Release history
advertisement from 1956 for It Conquered the World and co-feature, The She-Creature It Conquered the World was released theatrically by AIP on August 1, 1956 on a double bill with The She-Creature. The film originally received an "X" certificate in the UK, meaning that the picture could only be seen by adults. At issue, the scene of the creature being destroyed by a blowtorch was seen as animal cruelty. However, producer Samuel Z. Arkoff convinced the film board that the violence was against an otherworldly person, and not an animal, earning the film its passing certificate. ==Reception==
Reception
Griffith said, "I asked for my name not to be on that picture, so I was unbilled. Surprisingly, it got good reviews." Sight and Sound called it "sharp, economical and really frightening". Film historian and critic Leonard Maltin called It Conquered the World "... well acted and interesting but awkwardly plotted". Monthly Film Bulletin found the film exciting. Time Out magazine, however, gave the film a negative review, criticizing its poor special effects. Critic Tony Rayns opined, "You have to see a movie like this to realise that film-makers who feel they have nothing to lose are rarer than you'd think". The Chicago Reader gave the film a generally positive review, saying, "Amazingly, this 1953 [sic] picture isn't half bad". Allmovie gave the film 3 out of 5 stars, calling it an "above-average quickie". Creature Feature gave the movie 3 out of 5 stars, praising its campiness. ==Later releases==
Later releases
During the 1960s, It Conquered the World was syndicated to television by American International Television. VHS versions appeared in the 1990s on the US home video market (RCA Columbia Home Video), but these are no longer in distribution, nor is the film available on DVD or Blu-ray in the US or in the UK. In 2001, Susan Hart, the widow of AIP co-founder James H. Nicholson, sued A&E Networks for copyright infringement after the channel used footage from the film in a documentary about Peter Graves. ==Remake==
Remake
In 1966, It Conquered the World was remade in 16mm color by self-proclaimed "schlockmeister" Larry Buchanan after he secured the rights from distributor AIP. He retitled the film Zontar, the Thing from Venus and sold it to television syndication. ==In popular culture==
In popular culture
Frank Zappa's 1974 live album Roxy & Elsewhere referred to the film in the introduction for the song "Cheepnis". • The film's closing monologue inspired the similar ending of The Rocky Horror Picture Show. • Filmmaker Jim Wynorski included a Beulah-lookalike monster in the finale of his horror/comedy Transylvania Twist as a respectful homage to the old 1950s AIP films. • In 1988, edited parts of "It Conquered the World" were shown at the beginning of the movie Elvira: Mistress of the Dark • In 1991, It Conquered the World was the subject of the comedy television series Mystery Science Theater 3000; joke topics included poor monster props, occasionally wooden acting, and an overblown closing monologue, although Dr. Clayton Forrester did concede it was probably Roger Corman's "finest film to date". The monologue was replayed three times at the end of the episode, first watched again by Joel and the Bots, then by the Mads, and finally over the credits, with the stinger being the beginning of the monologue again. • Audio samples from the film were included in the song "Facing That" from M83's self-titled debut album, released in 2001. • Season 4, episode 12 of SCTV featured an overarching story, "Zontar," which was closely based on It Conquered the World. Bonar Bain was featured as the scientist played by Lee Van Cleef. ==See also==
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