Jacques Majorelle was born in 1886 in
Nancy, France. He was the son of a celebrated furniture designer,
Louis Majorelle. Jacques' childhood was spent among the draftsmen, cabinetmakers and
marquetry inlayers from his father's workshops at a time when the Art Nouveau movement was in its ascendancy. Initially, his father encouraged the young Jacques to study architecture, but after three years he decided to take up his lifelong passion, painting. Majorelle received his art education at the
École des Beaux-Arts in
Nancy in 1901 and later at the
Académie Julian in
Paris with Schommer and
Royer. He first exhibited at the
Salon de Beaux Artes in 1908. In around 1917 he travelled to
Morocco to recover from heart problems and after a short period spent in Casablanca, he visited
Marrakesh, where he fell in love with the vibrant colours and quality of light he found there. Initially, he used Marrakech as a base for trips to Spain, Italy and other parts of North Africa, including Egypt. Eventually, however, he settled in Marrakech permanently. He drew inspiration for his paintings from his trips and from Marrakesh itself. His paintings include many street scenes,
souks and
kasbahs as well as portraits of local inhabitants. He opened a handicrafts workshop in Marrakech and also designed posters to promote travel to Morocco. His work was profoundly affected by his voyage to Morocco and Marrakesh. He introduced a more coloured vision, bathed in light where the drawing disappears and the image emerges from large spots of colour laid flat. It seemed as if he had discovered the sun in these countries. His style exhibited more freedom and spontaneity. In 1919, he married Andrée Longueville and the pair lived in an apartment near the
Jemâa el-Fna Square (then at the palace of Pasha Ben Daoud). In 1923, Jacques Majorelle bought a four-acre plot, situated on the border of a palm grove in Marrakech and began planting a luxuriant garden which would become known as the
Jardins Majorelle or
Majorelle Garden. Initially, he built a house in the Mooroccan style, but in 1931 he commissioned the architect, Paul Sinoir, to design a Cubist villa within the grounds. In 1937, he painted the villa in a special shade of the blue which Majorelle had developed after being inspired by the blue tiles prevalent in southern Morocco. This colour was used extensively in Majorelle's house and garden, and now carries his name;
Majorelle Blue. He gradually purchased additional land, extending his holding by almost 10 acres. He continued to work on the garden for almost forty years and it is said to be his finest work. The garden proved costly to run, and in 1947 Majorelle opened the garden to the public with an admission fee designed to defray the cost of maintenance. He sold the house and land in the 1950s, after which it fell into disrepair. It was rediscovered in the 1980s, by designers
Yves Saint-Laurent and
Pierre Bergé who set about restoring it and saving it. Yves Saint-Laurent and Pierre Bergé, who were keen art collectors, also began acquiring paintings by Majorelle. Yves Saint Laurent died in 2008 and his ashes were scattered in the gardens. Majorelle was sent to France for medical treatment in 1962 following a car accident, and died in Paris later that year of complications from his injuries. He is buried in Nancy, the place of his birth, alongside his father. ==Legacy==