James Harmer

Harmer was the son of a Spitalfields weaver, and was left an orphan at age 10. He was articled to an attorney in 1792, but left his office on making an early marriage. He was afterwards transferred to Messrs. Fletcher & Wright of Bloomsbury, and practised for himself in 1799. ==Legal reformer==

Harmer's practice was mainly in the criminal courts, and experience there made him an advocate of reform in criminal procedure. In 1816 he was one of those who exposed the thief-taking scandal, and the corruption of the system of rewards. ==Radical causes==

In the aftermath of the Invasion of Isle de France in 1810, Henry Brougham acted as defence barrister for some British prisoners who had joined the French. Harmer was their choice of solicitor. In 1812, following the assassination of Spencer Perceval, the Prime Minister, in the House of Commons, Harmer was defending solicitor for the assailant, John Bellingham, whom Harmer sought to defend on insanity grounds, but Bellingham was ultimately found guilty and hanged. In 1819 Harmer represented Samuel Bamford after the Peterloo massacre. Dennison, Harmer and Charles Pearson were thanked by the "Report on the Metropolitan and Central Committee, Appointed for the Relief of the Manchester Sufferers" for their investigations. William Hone's book ''The Whole Proceedings before the Coroner's Court at Oldham'', which exposed the use of force at Peterloo, relied heavily on Harmer's work with witness testimony. In 1820 Harmer took on the defence of Cato Street conspirators. ==Later life==

In 1833 Harmer was elected alderman of the ward of Farringdon Without, which he had represented since 1826 in the common council, and gave up his lucrative legal practice. He was sheriff of London in 1834. He resigned his alderman's gown in 1840, when his election to the mayoralty was successfully opposed on the ground of his being proprietor of the Weekly Dispatch, which then advocated radical religious and political views. Harmer took a leading part in establishing the Royal Free Hospital. He lived at Greenhithe, Kent, where he built Ingress Abbey, mainly of stone procured from old London Bridge on its demolition. He died on 12 June 1853 and was buried on the 16th in Kensal Green cemetery. He left a large fortune to his granddaughter. ==Works==

Harmer wrote pamphlets on behalf of Holloway and Haggerty in 1807, on the case of George Mathews in 1819, and in 1825 on behalf of Edward Harris. ==References==