2007–2008 In 2007, Duda placed first in the U8 Polish Youth Championship chess tournament. In 2008, Duda won the
World Youth Chess Championship in the under-10 category and as a result he was awarded the title of
FIDE Master. The same year, he also won the U8 Polish Youth Championship tournament for the second time.
2012 In 2012, Duda won the Polish under-18 championship in
Solina and the
European Youth Chess Championship in the under-14 category in
Prague. In the same year, he tied for first with
Jan Krejčí in the
Olomouc Chess Summer tournament and was awarded the title of
International Master.
2013–2014 In May 2013, Duda achieved his final
norm required for the title of Grandmaster, in the
European Individual Championship, at the age of 15 years and 21 days. This made him the second youngest grandmaster in the world at the time. Duda also thus became the second youngest Polish grandmaster ever, after
Dariusz Świercz. In April 2013, he came first in the
First Saturday GM tournament in
Budapest. In August, Duda took part as a
FIDE presidential nominee in the
FIDE World Cup, where he was eliminated in the first round by
Vassily Ivanchuk. In October, FIDE officially awarded him the title of Grandmaster. In August 2014, Duda played for the Polish team at the
41st Chess Olympiad in
Tromsø, Norway, scoring 8.5/11 on board three. In December 2014, he won the European
Rapid Chess Championship and took silver in the European
Blitz Chess Championship, both held in
Wrocław, Poland.
2015–2016 In July 2015, Duda won the Lake Sevan
round-robin tournament in
Martuni, Armenia. In September 2015, he finished equal first with
Mikhail Antipov in the
World Junior Chess Championship in
Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia, and received a silver medal after tiebreaks. In 2016, he was awarded by the
President of Poland Andrzej Duda (not related) the Silver
Cross of Merit for his "great sports achievements in 2016 as well as contributions to popularizing the game of chess".
2017–2018 On 1 July 2017, Duda became the first Polish junior player to break the 2700 barrier in FIDE rating, achieving the highest ranking in his chess career so far. With a rating of 2707, he was the second highest ranked Polish player and 41st in the world at the time. In May 2018, Duda won the
Polish Chess Championship with a score of 6½/9 (+4–0=5), a full point ahead of runner-up
Kacper Piorun. He recorded victories over Piorun,
Radosław Wojtaszek, Daniel Sadzikowski, and
Aleksander Miśta. In July 2018, he became the No. 1 ranked Polish player and the No. 1 ranked junior in the world, outstripping Wojtaszek and
Wei Yi, respectively. In July 2018, Duda competed in the
46th Dortmund Sparkassen Chess Meeting, placing fourth with a score of 4/7 (+2–1=4). During the
2018 Chess Olympiad held in
Batumi, Georgia, he defeated
Vassily Ivanchuk and drew against
Levon Aronian,
Viswanathan Anand,
Fabiano Caruana,
Shakhriyar Mamedyarov and
Sergey Karjakin, claiming fourth place overall with the Polish team. In 2018, Duda reached the semi-finals of the
Speed Chess Championship after beating Karjakin and
Alexander Grischuk, eventually losing to
Wesley So. In December 2018, Duda finished in second place in the
World Blitz Chess Championship in
Saint Petersburg, scoring 16½/21 (+15–3=3), half a point behind the winner
Magnus Carlsen.
2019–2020 In January 2019, he became the first ever Polish chess player to exceed 2800 barrier in the blitz category. In November 2019, Duda participated in the Hamburg
FIDE Grand Prix tournament, which is part of the qualification cycle for the
World Chess Championship 2020. The tournament was a 16-player event. On 13 November, Duda reached the finals losing to
Alexander Grischuk during the tie-breaks. In January 2020, Duda participated in
2020 Tata Steel Chess Tournament and finished the tournament in 8th place with a score of 6½/13 (+1-1=11), which is the same score as former Chess World Champion
Viswanathan Anand, and
Alireza Firouzja. In May 2020, he achieved his first victory over the reigning Chess World Champion
Magnus Carlsen by beating him in Round 7 of the
Lindores Abbey Rapid Chess Challenge, with the game entering an
English Opening (King's English Variation, Four Knights Variation, Quiet Line). On 10 October 2020, he again defeated Magnus Carlsen (in a
Caro–Kann Defence, Tartakower Variation) at the
Altibox Norway Chess tournament held in
Stavanger. It was Carlsen's first defeat after a 125-game unbeaten streak in classical chess. At the
FIDE Online Chess Olympiad 2020, he won bronze medal after the Polish team reached the semi-finals of the tournament and lost in a match-deciding tie-break 1-2 against India.
2021–2023 At the 2021
European Team Chess Championship, he won bronze medal with the Polish team, which also included
Radosław Wojtaszek,
Kacper Piorun,
Wojciech Moranda and
Paweł Teclaf. In July–August 2021, Duda competed in the
Chess World Cup 2021. In round five, Duda defeated the Russian GM
Alexander Grischuk in the rapid tiebreaker after drawing the classical games. He then knocked out
Vidit Gujrathi in the quarterfinals and eliminated the World Chess Champion
Magnus Carlsen in the tiebreaker of the semifinals to qualify for the
2022 Candidates Tournament. He went on to win the Chess World Cup by beating former World Cup winner
Sergey Karjakin in the finals with a score of 1.5-0.5. In December, he won the European Blitz Chess Championship held in
Katowice, Poland. At the
2021 World Rapid Chess Championship held at the
National Stadium in Warsaw, Poland, he finished fifth while at the jointly-held 2021
World Blitz Chess Championship he finished second behind only
Maxime Vachier-Lagrave. From the perspective of the sum of the scores of these two championships in the same event, he was the player with the highest score: 24 points. In April 2022, Duda won the
Oslo Esports Cup ahead of
Magnus Carlsen,
Anish Giri, and
Shakhriyar Mamedyarov. In May 2022, he won the Superbet Rapid & Blitz tournament (hosted in Warsaw as part of the 2022 Grand Chess Tour) with a convincing four-point lead ahead of
Levon Aronian and
Viswanathan Anand. In July 2022, he finished in the seventh place at the
Candidates Tournament 2022. In October, he won the
Aimchess Rapid, his second win of the year as part of
Champions Chess Tour, ahead of
Shakhriyar Mamedyarov. In 2023, he reached the fifth round at the
2023 Chess World Cup where he lost to
Fabiano Caruana. In 2024, he was part of
Gukesh Dommaraju's team for the
World Chess Championship 2024.
2025 In Superbet Rapid & Blitz Poland, he was tied 7th scoring 17 points. == Political views ==