Lemaire was born in
Aire-sur-la-Lys and entered the
Paris Conservatory in 1855, graduating in flute and composition in 1863. By 1867 he had become Deputy Music Master for the Infantry of the Imperial Guard. When Naser al-Din Shah visited Paris, he admired the French military bands that had welcomed him. At the time Iranian military music had used only traditional drums (
naqareh) and trumpets (
karnay). On his return to Iran in 1867 the
shah asked his ambassador to France, Hassan-Ali Garrussi, to hire a French musician to reorganize his military orchestras along Western European lines.
Adolphe Niel, then France's Defence Minister, selected Lemaire to take up the post. Once in Iran, Lemaire procured western instruments and organized the training of military musicians at the
Dar ul-Funun, where his students included
Darvish Khan, and
Gholam Reza Minbashian (Salar Mo'azez), a leading pioneer of Western classical music in Iran, as well as his son
Nasrollah Minbashian. At the request of the shah he also composed the
first Iranian national anthem and other military pieces. Lemaire was to spend the rest of his life in Iran but sent piano arrangements of classical Persian music back to Paris where the vogue for
orientalism made them popular. In November 1906, three months before his death, he became the first Worshipful Master of the ''Réveil de l'Iran'', the first regularly affiliated
Masonic Lodge to operate in Iran. Lemaire died in
Tehran at the age of 65. Mirza Ali-Akbar Khan Naqqashbashi's translations of Lemaire's lessons into Persian were the country's first introduction to European music. The music department where he taught later became an independent music college providing training in Western martial music. ==References==