The type species is based on
holotype IVPP V12705, a nearly complete specimen from the Daohugou beds of Ningcheng County in the Neimongol (Inner Mongolia) Autonomous Region of
China. The specimen is crushed into a slab and counterslab pair, so that parts of the specimen are preserved on one side of a split stone and some on the other. This includes exquisite preservation of carbonized skin fibers and
pycnofibres. The fibers are preserved around the body of the specimen in a "halo." Wing tissue is preserved, though its extent is debatable, including the exact points of attachment to the legs (or if it is attached to the legs at all). In 2009
Alexander Kellner published a study reporting the presence of three layers of fibers in the wing, allowing the animal to precisely adapt the wing profile. jaw shape, notice
Jeholopterus (C) As an anurognathid,
Jeholopterus shows the skull form typical for this group, being wider than it was long, at , with a very broad mouth. Most teeth are small and peg-like, but some are longer and recurved. The neck was short with seven or eight cervical vertebrae. Twelve or thirteen dorsal vertebrae are present and three sacrals. There are five pairs of belly ribs. The tail vertebrae have not been preserved. The describers argue that
Jeholopterus had a short tail, a feature seen in other anurognathids but unusual for "
rhamphorhynchoid" (i.e. basal) pterosaurs that typically have a long tail. Wang
et al. cited the presence of a fringe of pycnofibres in the region of the tail to infer the presence of a short tail. However, a subsequent study by Dalla Vecchia argued that gleaning any information about the tail is impossible, given that the tail is "totally absent" in the fossil. of
Vesperopterylus (A and B) and
Jeholopterus (C and D) The wing bones are robust. The
metacarpals are very short. A short pteroid, supporting a
propatagium, is pointing towards the body. The hand claws are long and curved. The wings of
Jeholopterus show evidence that they attached to the ankle, according to Wang
et al.. They are relatively elongated with a wingspan of ninety centimetres. The legs are short but robust. The toes bear well-developed curved claws, but these are not as long as the hand claws. The fifth toe is elongated, according to the authors supporting a membrane between the legs, the
uropatagium. Another articulated specimen was discovered no later than 2009 in the
Early Cretaceous Sinuiju Formation of
North Korea and it represents the first
Cretaceous record of
Jeholopterus; the specimen was assigned to
Jeholopterus cf. ningchengensis by So
et al. (2024). ==Phylogeny==