She was born in Liverpool, Nova Scotia, in 1897. Her mother was a seamstress; her father died when she was a young child. At age eleven, she moved with her mother, two older sisters, and younger brother to the Roxbury neighborhood of Boston, where she attended
Girls' High School. She then studied at
Tufts University and the
Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, graduating in 1919. She was the first black woman to graduate from the Tufts Dental School, and the only woman in her graduating class. When she first enrolled in the dental school, she later recalled, the dean thought there must have been a mistake. After checking to make sure she had indeed been accepted, he warned her, "You'll have to find your own patients, you know," to which she replied, "That will be just fine with me." == Career ==