Present plural marker The dialects of
Jatki Punjabi use '''
Hin (ہِن)
or No (نو)''' to signify the present plural tense. These are dialectal forms of "Han" (ہَن) and "Ne" (نے) respectively.
"Do janay hin/no" (دو جنے ہِن/نو), meaning "There are two people". The word "hin" may be attached with the verb colloquially.
"Oh menu dassdin" (اوہ مینُوں دسّدِن), meaning "They tell me".
"Bahoon vāday keetin" (بہُوں وعدے کِیتِن)، meaning "Made many promises" The word '''
Hen (ہَینڑ)''' may also be used.
Words for "then/again" Words like Vall, Valla,
Vatt (وتّ) or
Muṛ (مُڑ) and its variant pronunciation Munṛ (مُنڑ) are used instead of the
Standard Punjabi Phir (پھیر).
"Halā vatt ke/kya hoya/thiya?" (ہلا وتّ کے ہویا؟), meaning "Alright, what happened then?".
"Tenu vatt vii aas praai rahi" (تَینُوں وتّ وی آس پرائی رہی), meaning "Even then, you had hopes for some other", a lyric from "Changean Naseeban de Shah", by Talib Hussain Dard
Words for "Going" Words like
Vaj̈an (ونجن),
Jāwaṇ and Vehna (جاوَن) are both used.
"Kiddey vendā/jāndā pyā ain?" (کِتھّے ویندا/جاندا پیا ایں؟), meaning "Where are you going?"
Words for "Someone" and "What" For "what", Jatki either uses the common word
Kii (کی) or the Western word '''
Ke (کے)
or Kya'''. For "someone", Jatki may use either the standard
Kisay (کِسے) or another word that is '''''Kahee'ṇ
(کہِیں)'
Words for "That" '''
Ba,
Bai or Jo'
are used, as opposed to ke'' in Standard Punjabi. (بہ، بئی، جو)
Mein tuhaanu dassaan bai (ke) aes ton changga mein pehla KaDDe nhi dditha (Let me tell you that I have never seen one better than this)
KaDDe vi mein nahi aakhya jo (ke) tun menu kujh desein taahin mein tenu kujh desaan (Never did I say that you must first give only then to receive from me) ''Tusi'n inj keeta karo
ba (ke) menu dass ditta karo'' (You should do it as such that you should inform me)
Menu pata ae ba (ke) khoon rattaa ae, tey hetna rattaa ae jo (ke) teray hatthaan tey mehndi lagsi (I know that blood is red, and it is so much that it will look like henna on your hands) Similarly,
Kyunjo (or Kyunjay) is used for
Kyunke, and Taanjo (or Taanjay) is used for Taake. Supporting verbs In Jatki, many verbs exist to support the adjoining verb, giving the same meaning as
de/dittaa/devay/devaan/denda/desi.
De chaa (دے چا), is the same as
De de (دے دے), meaning "Give it"
Rakkh chhaḍḍ (رکھّ چھڈّ), is the same as
Rakkh de (رکھّ دے), meaning "Place it"
Chaa karay (چا کرے), is the same as Kar devay (کر دیوے), meaning "Someone do it" Other examples:
Chaa keetaa (چا کیتا), meaning "Done it"
Mukaa chhoryaa (مُکا چھوڑیا), meaning "Finished it"
Pivaa chaa (پِوا چا), meaning "Get me (something) to drink"
Laah satto (لاہ سٹّو), meaning "Remove it"
Bhann sattyaa (بھنّ سٹّیا), meaning "Broke it"
Hun dass vi chhaḍḍo (ہُن دسّ وی چھڈّو), meaning "Now tell already"
Koi ghatt chhaḍḍay (کوئی گھتّ چھڈّے), meaning "Someone come and pour it"
Mein ohnu de chhaḍḍsaan (میں اوہنُوں دے چھڈّساں), meaning "I will give him"
Maar ghattsan (مار گھتّسن), meaning "Will come and beat"
The verb "Vattnā" In its past form
Vadā, it can either show continuous action (like
pyā) or a state of being (like
hoyā/thiya), depending on the main verb's form. In the latter case,
Khalā and
Khlotā (both meaning "standing") may also be used.
Menu bhukkh laggi vadi/khali/pyi ae (I have hunger)
Menu bhukkh laggdi vadi/pyi ae (I am getting hungry)
Oh chendā vadā/pyā ae (He is picking it up)
Oh chaai vadā/khalā ae (He has it picked up)
Ukkā moye vaday āen (We are completely dead)
Oh khādhi khalā hosi (He must have eaten)
Ohnu treh laggi vadi/khloti ae (He has thirst) ''Mein kamm mukaai
vadā/khalā/khlotā aa'n'' (I have finished the work) ''Mein dhammi da progam keeti
khalā/vadā/khlotā/pyā aa'n (I have decided it for morning)''
Rujjhay vade o, naveān saangeān vich (You are busy in your new attachments, a lyric from "Tusi Changean Naseeban de Shah", a song by Talib Hussain Dard) In other forms, the verb
Vattnā, (literally meaning "to wander") depicts a continuity in an action, and is synonymous with the word
Phirnā.
Hyaati saari nassdyān vattnā/phirnā (Running for all life)
Oh tenu kay kujh ghalldā vattdā/phirdā ee? (What does he keep on sending you?)
Beyli ruṭṭhā vadā hove tey aseen jeende vateeye/phireeye? (The friend is unhappy and we are to keep on living?) ''Mein injay tue'n magar laggya '''vattaa'n/phiraa'n'
? (I should stay after you for no reason?)
Personal pronouns Jatki uses special personal pronouns such as ''Kãi'n
(Kihne/Kis
), and Jãi'n
(Jihne/Jis'').
Kãi aakhya? کَیں آکھیا؟, meaning "Says who?"
Jãi vii aakhya hove/thive جَیں وی آکھیا ہووے, meaning "Whomsoever might have said it" ''Eh kãi'nda ghar ae?'' ایہہ کَیندا گھر اے؟, meaning "Whose house is this?"
Kãi kãi janay eh aali kheyḍ kheyḍi ee?, کیں کیں جنڑے ایہہ آلی کھیڈ کھیڈی ہئی؟ meaning "Who has played this game?" ''Jãi kahe'n vii karna hove/thive
جَیں کہیں وی کرنا ہووے or Jis kise vii karna hove/thive'' جِس کِسے وی کرنا ہووے, meaning "Whomsoever wants to do"
Jainda vii mann kareynda or ''Jai'n kahee'n da vii mann kareynda''
Pronominal affixes Eh kay keetum (What have I done?)
Eh kay keeto-ee (What have you done?)
Eh kay keeta-nhay (What have you done? plural/respect)
Eh kay keeta-nay (What have they done?)
Eh kay keeto-say (What have we done?)
Eh kay keetus (What has he done?) ''Kii naa'n-us?'' (What is his name?)
Nisay keeta (We did not do)
Nimoo keeta (I did not do)
Tenu aakhyam (I have told you)
Bhiraa nisay? (Are we not brothers?)
Jehri naveen film kaddhi nay, ḍiṭṭhi hayi? (The new film they released, have you seen it?) ''Punjabi aapni dhi nu sikhaai koi nhoo'n?'' (You did not teach your daughter Punjabi?)
Bhalla hone (respectfully, "Thank you")
Bhalla hovi (Thank you)
Counting Counting is generally the same, but with some notable deviations being:
Addition of "v" in verb forms The usage of the "v" sound in Jhangochi is far more present that other Punjabi dialects.
General vocabulary Jatki dialects have several words that differ from Standard Punjabi.
Words for "taking" and "bringing" Commonly observed in the
Lahnda dialects is the use of
GhinNā (گھِننا) and
AaṇNā (آننا) instead of the Eastern Punjabi words
Laiṇā (لَینا) and
Lyāṇā (لیانا). Jhangochi and Shahpuri make use of the first set. The Dhani dialect however, seems to lean more towards the former.
Retention of the irrgeular past tense In Jatki Punjabi, as well as in Saraiki, the irregular Punjabi past tense form of verbs is retained when used with the verb
Karnā, a feature that is not present in
Eastern dialects such as
Majhi, or even in other
Lahnda varieties such as
Pothohari and
Hindko. The irregular past tense is generally the same throughout the Punjabi dialects (e.g.
khādhā, peetā, nahātā, dhotā, moyā, latthā, khalotā, ḍaṭṭhā, suttā, keetā, dittā, ghidā, seetā, baddhā). Jatki does seem to have some additional ones as well, such as
runnā for
royā (cried)
ḍiṭṭhā for
vekhya (seen), and
syātā for
syāneā (recognized). Examples: This is also observed with the verbs
"Rakkhnā" and
"Jāvnā/Vanjnā". Examples:
Asī̃ ohnū̃ ditti rakhie? (اسِیں اوہنُوں
دِتّی رکھّیئے؟) instead of
Asī̃ ohnū̃ dei rakhie? (اسِیں اوہنُوں
دئی رکھّیئے؟) (meaning, "Shall we keep on giving him?") and
Oh keeti jāndā ae (اوہ
کِیتی جاندا اے) instead of
Oh kari jāndā ae (اوہ
کری جاندا اے) (meaning, "He keeps on doing")
Kalla maiiyon kamm keeti jaavan? instead of
Kalla maiiyon kamm kari jaavan? (meaning, "I alone am to keep on doing?) This can be further observed with the verbs
Aanā (to come) and
Jānā/Vanjnā (to go), when used in this manner:
Ohnu ohndey pesay taan ditti aa (اوہنُوں اوہندے پیسے تاں دِتّی آ), meaning "Give him his money and come back"
Pesay taan mere ditti vanj (پیسے تاں میرے دِتّی ونج), meaning "Give my money as you go"
Pesay taan ditti veynda/jaanda (پیسے تاں دِتّی ویندا/جانا), meaning "You could have at least given the money as you went"
Mein hikk kamm keeti aavaan (میں ہِکّ کمّ نہ کیتی آواں), meaning "I'll be back after one task"
Mein veyndean do trae moṭian moṭian gallaan bas keeti jaavan (میں ویندیاں دو ترۓ گلّاں بس کیتی جاواں), meaning "I'm just going to say a few things as I go"
Ajj kujh baahroon na khaadhi aaveeye? (اجّ کُجھ باہرُوں نہ کھادی آوِیئے؟), meaning "Shouldn't we eat something from outside today?"
Aseen gall kareynde haaen, pehlon booha taan band keeti aa (اسِیں گلّ کریندے ہائیں، پہلوں بُوہا تاں بند کیتی آ), meaning "We will talk, first go close the door"
Booha band keeti jaaveen (بُوہا بند کیتی جاوِیں), meaning "Close the door when you go"
Oh ditti aaya karay (اوہ دِتّی آیا کرے), meaning "He can give (and come back)"
Oh ditti jaaya karay (اوہ دِتّی کرے), meaning "He can give give (while he is passing/leaving)"
Mein ḍiṭṭhi aavaan (میں ڈِتھّی آواں), meaning "I'll be back after a look"
Jaa nahaati aa (جا نہاتی آ), meaning "Go take a bath" The words in bold would be "de", "kar", "khaa", "dekhya", and "nahaaya" in Standard Punjabi as well as in Urdu-Hindi translation. With the verb
Baiṭhnā:
"Hun taan mein keeti baitha aan" instead of "
Hun taan mein karii baitha aan". (meaning, "Now I have done it" [So now what?])
"Peeti baitha ae" instead of
"Pee baitha ae" (meaning, "He has drunk") ==See also==