• Researcher,
Netherlands Economic Institute (1969–1976) • Lecturer, Erasmus University (1971–1988) • Head of the planning department, National Land Use Planning Agency (1976–1980) • Head of the research department, Central Statistical Office (1980–1982) • Member of the Advisory Committee on Foreigners, Ministry of Justice (1987–2000) • Vice-Chairman of the GPV local party (1973–1974) • Member of the executive, GPV provincial party (1976–1977) • provincial chairman, GPV (1977–1981) • Member of the GPV administrative committee (1978–1984) • Chairman of the GPV (1984–1994) • Member of the
Capelle aan den IJssel Municipal Council (1974–1994) • Alderman of Capelle aan den IJssel (1982–1986) • Member of the South Holland Provincial Council (1982–1995) • Member of the European Parliament (1994–2009) • Co-Chairman of the EDN Group (1997–1999) • Co-Chairman of the EDD Group (1999–2004) • Vice-Chairman and Treasurer of the IND/DEM Group (?–2009) == References ==