His parents emigrated from Switzerland to the United States, where Nef studied chemistry at
Harvard University until 1884. Upon graduation, he joined
Adolf von Baeyer at the
University of Munich, where he received his Ph.D. in 1887. He was a
professor at
Purdue University from 1887 till 1889 and at
Clark University from 1889 till 1892. In 1892 Nef joined the newly formed
University of Chicago as professor of chemistry, where he spent the rest of his academic career. His son
John Ulric Nef (1899–1988) became a professor of economic history and published several books. ==Work==