After finishing his undergraduate studies, Whitmore taught for three years at
Highline Community College in Des Moines, Washington. After earning his doctorate, Whitmore began teaching at
West Virginia University, rising from assistant professor to professor of theatre from 1974 to 1985 and serving as interim dean and director of the College of Creative Arts from 1984 to 1985. Whitmore also served as the chair of the Division of Theatre from 1979 to 1985. Soon after, he moved to The
State University of New York at Buffalo to be dean of the Faculty of Arts and Letters and professor of theatre from 1985 to 1990. Whitmore joined
The University of Texas at Austin in 1990 until 1996, where he served as dean of the College of Fine Arts and professor of theatre. In 1996, he moved to Iowa City, Iowa, to become provost of
The University of Iowa and professor of theatre until 2003. In 2003, Whitmore was selected to be president of
Texas Tech University, serving five years, where he also held a professorship in theatre. In 2008, Whitmore was named president of
San José State University. Two years later, Whitmore became chief executive officer of ACT, returning to Iowa City. ==Personal life==