Intended Drugs which cause disulfiram-like reactions upon ingestion of alcohol as an intended effect include: •
Calcium carbimide •
Disulfiram •
Hydrogen cyanamide Unintended Drugs which cause disulfiram-like reactions upon ingestion of alcohol as an unintended effect include: •
Abacavir •
Cephalosporins, but
only these with a methylthiotetrazole side chain or a methylthiodioxotriazine ring; thought to be due to common
N-methylthiotetrazole metabolite, which is similar in structure to disulfiram. Such drugs include
cefamandole,
cefmenoxime,
cefmetazole,
cefonicid,
cefoperazone,
cefotetan,
ceftriaxone, and
latamoxef (moxalactam). •
Chloral hydrate •
Chloramphenicol •
Ethacrynic acid •
Griseofulvin (weak evidence) In addition, the efficacy of doxycycline and
erythromycin succinate may be reduced by alcohol consumption. Other effects of alcohol on antibiotic activity include altered activity of the liver enzymes that break down the antibiotic compound.
Natural Natural compounds and species which have been found to cause disulfiram-like reactions upon ingestion of alcohol include: •
Coprine, via
active metabolite 1-aminocyclopropanol; found in
mushrooms such as
Ampulloclitocybe clavipes (club-footed clitocybe),
Coprinopsis atramentaria (common inkcap), and
Imperator torosus (brawny bolete) among others •
Kudzu (
Pueraria lobata), conflicting evidence ==List of agents previously thought to cause disulfiram-like reactions==