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Judex (1963 film)

Judex is a 1963 French-language neo-noir crime film remake of the 1916 French serial film of the same name concerning the adventures of pulp hero Judex. Directed by French filmmaker Georges Franju, the film stars Channing Pollock as Judex/Vallieres, Édith Scob as Jacqueline and Francine Bergé as Diana.

Plot
Banker Favraux has attained vast wealth through swindles and blackmail. In his mansion, Favraux receives a threatening note signed only "Judex", that demands he return swindled money to the victims. Concerned with his safety, Favraux hires private detective Cocantin to keep a lookout at a party where he plans to announce the engagement of his widowed daughter, Jacqueline, who has a small daughter, Alice. Unknown to the family, Alice's governess Marie Verdier is actually Diana Monti, a cat burglar and cutthroat. Favraux is infatuated with Diana, but she refuses to be his mistress and demands that they marry. He agrees to marry her and will make the announcement at Jacquline's engagement party. Diana actually has no love for Favraux and plans to murder him after the wedding to obtain his vast fortune. With the help of his own assistants, Judex is also watching over Jacqueline. At the engagement party, where everyone is masked, a mysterious guest, wearing a bird's head entertains the attendees with magic tricks. Later, it is revealed that the magician is actually Judex, keeping a close watch over Jacqueline. At the end of the party, Favraux appears to die of a heart attack as he begins to announce his engagement to Diana. At Favraux's funeral, Jacqueline becomes aware of the letter from Judex. Knowing that her father built his fortune through illegal means, she renounces any money that she would inherit except for a portion to support Alice. That night, Judex removes Favraux, who is alive and was only drugged, from his coffin. Judex imprisons Favraux in an abandoned castle. Diana, thwarted in her attempts to obtain Favraux's fortune through marriage, makes several attempts to kidnap Jacqueline, but is foiled by Judex. Diana also tries to abduct Alice, but is again foiled, partly through actions of detective Cocantin. Although alive, Favraux is despondent over seemingly losing Diana, and commits suicide. Judex eventually battles Diana's accomplices while Diana flees to a building's rooftop. Daisy, a circus acrobat and friend of Cocantin, agrees to help them apprehend Diana and scales the outside of the building, confronting Diana on the rooftop. The two women fight each other with Diana (in black) battling Daisy (in white) and the fight ends in Diana's death. Judex and Jacqueline are later reunited. They walk on a beach as a title appears: "In homage to Louis Feuillade, in memory of a time that was not happy: 1914". ==Cast==
Cast
Channing Pollock as Judex/Vallieres • Édith Scob as Jacqueline Favraux • Francine Bergé as Diana Monti • Michel Vitold as Favraux, the Banker • Théo Sarapo as Morales • Sylva Koscina as Daisy • Jacques Jouanneau as Detective Cocantin • René Génin as Pierre Kerjean • Benjamin Boda as Réglisse, the Boy • Philippe Mareuil as Amaury de la Rochefontaine • André Méliès as The Doctor • Luigi Cortese as Pierrot • Roger Fradet as Léon ==Production==
Production
Development The production of Judex happened by chance. French writer Francis Lacassin was writing an article on French film, and while doing research he was approached by a production manager with an idea for a film, when he suggested to do a film on Judex. The story came to Jacques Champreux (grandson of the original creator of Judex, Louis Feuillade) Champreux's idea for the film was to combine Franju's film style with the elements of the story in the original Judex and started writing the screenplay with that in mind. Franju settled on Bergé after seeing the young actress in Les Abysses. According to Bergé, he said simply, "I want the tall brunette who seems so evil". For much of the film, Franju dressed Bergé in a black leotard for her cat burglar sequences. Franju cast Édith Scob as Jacqueline who he had worked with on his previous films, including Eyes Without a Face and Thérèse Desqueyroux. ==Release and reception==
Release and reception
Judex was released on December 4, 1963, in France. A critic from ''L'Express wrote that the film was "pure entertainment, pure charm, a total success", while another from Les Nouvelles littéraires'' called the film's pacing "lazy" and the film direction "nonchalant, not to say laborious". Time also wrote a positive review stating that "Judex has too much low-key charm and seriousness to be wildly funny, but director Franju seems content to woo a minority taste". The New York Times wrote a negative review, stating that Judex "suffers from several afflictions, one of which is ambiguity. It is hard to tell whether Georges Franju, who made it, wants us to laugh at it or take it seriously". Retrospectives Modern reception has been generally positive. Jonathan Rosenbaum of the Chicago Reader wrote that Judex was "one of the better features of [Franju's] middle period". Time Out wrote that the film is "superbly elegant" and an "enjoyable tribute to the adventure fantasies of Louis Feuillade". Contemporary reviewers have noted the lack of screen time for Judex, the film's titular figure. His character also comes into question: while he acts as the self-appointed judge, trying to bring justice to those who have been swindled, his initial plan to murder Favraux for stealing other people's money strongly suggests a violent vigilante inclination. Judex's only true talents appear to be a handsome appearance and assorted magic tricks. Even his attempt to subdue Diana ultimately fails as he is taken hostage by one of her henchmen, leaving the task of taking down the female villain to another woman. Franju's most directed dispensing of juvenilia comes in his treatment of Judex, whose screen time is considerably lesser than either Jacqueline or Diana. Even during the denouement, it's not Judex that battles Diana, but Daisy, whose good-versus-evil fisticuffs are literalized by their diverging black-and-white attire, though Franju suitably plays the confrontation muted—nearly silent—with only ambient noises and faint strings accompanying the fight. Franju repeatedly shirks any such reveling in violent confrontation, refusing to aestheticize revenge-as-pleasure. Franju, then, stands in contrast to Judex, whose proclivity for torturous lairs, odd technologies, obfuscating theatrics, and anonymous henchmen aligns his preoccupations more with the young boy (Benjamin Boda), whose fascinations and mimetic interests while accompanying Cocantin suggest innocence, but also impotence from adult life. Judex, whose only charms appear to be literal magic tricks and a strong jawline, is a child's eroticized fantasy of masculinity, posturing behind a disguise rather than cultivating a discernible, singular self. The boy, however, is capable of grief, as he mournfully stands over Diana's body, following her tangle with Daisy. Judex is afforded no such display of emotion, since his pleasures derive not from empathy, but self-aggrandizement—much like Favraux, ironically imprisoned for crimes that Judex, on a similarly ideological level, is likewise guilty. File:Roof_top_struggle_from_the_1963_film_Judex.jpg|thumb|250px|right|In the film's climatic fight scene, brunette Diana and blonde Daisy's, "good-versus-evil fisticuffs are literalized by their diverging black-and-white attire". Emphasizing the sexuality of the fight and highlighting Franchu's dark vs light, good vs evil theme that runs throughout the film, Daisy, like Diana, is also attired in a form fitting outfit but, in her case it is a skintight, white circus costume. If witnessing the woman vs woman fight-to-the-finish was not sufficiently enticing to the audience, Franju takes the opportunity to lower the camera and offer "...a gleefully sexy and exciting shot showing only their legs, clad in leotards of contrasting black and white, entwining and tangling in the dance of combat". While Franju attempted to stay close to the original Judex, the rooftop fight between Diana and Daisy, a stylized battle between good (blond and dressed in white) and evil (brunette, dressed in black), fought in near-silence, is not found in the original Judex serial. ==Home media==
Home media
A Region 2 release of Judex was released on August 25, 2008, by Eureka in their Masters of Cinema series. This release also included the 1973 film Nuits Rouges also directed by Georges Franju. ==References==
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